The multifaceted roles of exosomes in corneal biology: elucidation of underlying mechanisms and therapeutic applications
摘要
The cornea, as the essential part of the eye with the duty of maintaining transparency and vision, is susceptible to various diseases and genetic abnormalities. Vision loss due to corneal disorders is a global concern, prompting research into innovative treatment approaches. The investigations have provided a significant role that exosomes play in maintaining corneal homeostasis and promoting intercellular communication. The cornea is made up of cellular and acellular components. The cellular components include the epithelial cells, stromal keratocytes, and endothelial cells, which secrete exosomes that contribute to preserving corneal transparency, immune privilege, and tissue repair. These nanosized vesicles contain molecules that regulate immune responses, promote cell proliferation and migration, and protect against stress-induced cell death. In this review, we try to survey the therapeutic potential and effects of exosomes in treating various corneal conditions, which can contribute to enhance corneal healing, reduce scarring, and improve visual outcomes.
Graphical Abstract