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<p>Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum</i> spp.) is the primary source of global sugar production, contributing for approximately 80% of the world’s sucrose output. Despite its economic importance, the genetic basis underlying key agronomic traits in sugarcane remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate the genetic architecture of yield-related traits, including stalk length, stalk diameter, internode number, and single stalk weight, in a diverse panel of 251 wild sugarcane accessions (<i>S. spontaneum</i>). We identified 67 significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with yield using three GAPIT models (MLM, FarmCPU, and BLINK), of which 19 were stably detected. These QTLs explained 0.42%-57.96% of the phenotypic variation. Our results indicated that candidate genes in QTLs associated with single stalk weight were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, including brassinosteroid biosynthesis and ubiquitin‑mediated proteolysis, whereas those for stalk length were enriched in pathways involved in cell wall biosynthesis. Additionally, candidate genes in QTLs associated with stalk diameter and internode number exhibited enrichment in functional categories related to arabinose kinase activity and nitrate transport, respectively. In summary, these findings not only elucidate the genetic bases of yield-related traits in sugarcane but also provide valuable genomic resources for molecular breeding, thereby accelerating varietal improvement and enhancing sugarcane yield.</p>

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Genome-wide association analysis of yield-related traits and identification of candidate genes in Sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Lijun Zhang,
  • Meixing Xie,
  • Ganfeng Zhuo,
  • Zhen Wang,
  • Xiping Yang

摘要

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is the primary source of global sugar production, contributing for approximately 80% of the world’s sucrose output. Despite its economic importance, the genetic basis underlying key agronomic traits in sugarcane remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to investigate the genetic architecture of yield-related traits, including stalk length, stalk diameter, internode number, and single stalk weight, in a diverse panel of 251 wild sugarcane accessions (S. spontaneum). We identified 67 significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with yield using three GAPIT models (MLM, FarmCPU, and BLINK), of which 19 were stably detected. These QTLs explained 0.42%-57.96% of the phenotypic variation. Our results indicated that candidate genes in QTLs associated with single stalk weight were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, including brassinosteroid biosynthesis and ubiquitin‑mediated proteolysis, whereas those for stalk length were enriched in pathways involved in cell wall biosynthesis. Additionally, candidate genes in QTLs associated with stalk diameter and internode number exhibited enrichment in functional categories related to arabinose kinase activity and nitrate transport, respectively. In summary, these findings not only elucidate the genetic bases of yield-related traits in sugarcane but also provide valuable genomic resources for molecular breeding, thereby accelerating varietal improvement and enhancing sugarcane yield.