<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health challenge that requires the development of new therapeutic drugs. Piperazine, a privileged nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffold, has been identified as a viable framework for antibacterial drug development. This review examines current breakthroughs (2020–2024) in piperazine-based compounds with antibacterial activity. We discuss their structural modifications and potency against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Special importance is placed on newly synthesized compounds demonstrating high efficacy, as well as their structure–activity relationships (SAR). Additionally, we highlight ongoing challenges and future perspectives in the development of piperazine-based antibacterial agents, underscoring their potential to combat resistant pathogens.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Recent advances in piperazine derivatives as antibacterial agents: a comprehensive review (2020–2024)

  • Kripa Patel,
  • Moksh Shah,
  • Khyati Patel,
  • Afzal Nagani

摘要

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health challenge that requires the development of new therapeutic drugs. Piperazine, a privileged nitrogen-containing heterocyclic scaffold, has been identified as a viable framework for antibacterial drug development. This review examines current breakthroughs (2020–2024) in piperazine-based compounds with antibacterial activity. We discuss their structural modifications and potency against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. Special importance is placed on newly synthesized compounds demonstrating high efficacy, as well as their structure–activity relationships (SAR). Additionally, we highlight ongoing challenges and future perspectives in the development of piperazine-based antibacterial agents, underscoring their potential to combat resistant pathogens.

Graphical abstract