Research progress of SHP-1 agonists as a strategy for tumor therapy

Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) is a member of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, and serves as a crucial negative regulator of various oncogenic signaling pathways. The development of SHP-1 agonists has garnered extensive research attention and is considered as a promising strategy for treating tumors. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the advancements of SHP-1 agonists, focusing on their structures and biological activities. Based on the structure skeletons, we classify these SHP-1 agonists as kinase inhibitors, sorafenib derivatives, obatoclax derivatives, lithocholic acid derivatives and thieno[2,3-b]quinoline derivatives. Additionally, we discuss the potential opportunities and challenges for developing SHP-1 agonists. It is hoped that this review will provide inspiring insights into the discovery of drugs targeting SHP-1.