Green synthesis and cytotoxic activity of functionalized naphthyridine

A multicomponent synthesis of 1,8-naphthyridine with high yields utilizing benzaldehydes, malononitrile, phenol, and acetylenic esters in aqueous solution at room temperature in the presence of SiO₂/Fe₃O₄ as a reusable catalyst is reported. Using the MTT test, the cytotoxic properties of all the produced compounds were assessed in vitro against cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and A549) and normal cell lines (BEAS-2B). It was discovered that the most effective cytotoxic agent, doxorubicin-like in its lack of selectivity, was the derivative 5h. On the other hand, the compound 5c might be regarded as an equipotent molecule with greater selectivity in relation to doxorubicin. Also, this study investigates the antioxidant effects of 1,8-naphthyridine carboxylates, along with other studies conducted in this study.