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<p>There are many studies in the literature that examine functionally graded material (FGM) structures without accounting for their bending in the pre-buckling stage. On the other hand, a few studies have shown that FGM structures start bending immediately under in-plane loads rather than bifurcation buckling. The deformation of functionally graded beams under in-plane loading beams was examined in order to contribute to clarifying this issue. Both linear and geometric nonlinear analyses were carried out for different boundary conditions based on classical Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. According to the parametric analysis, simple-simple, clamped-simple, and clamped-free beams exhibit direct bending behavior instead of buckling. The effects of both compressive and tensile-type in-plane forces were examined. The present formulation can also be used for unsymmetrically laminated composite beams.</p>

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A Critical Analysis on the Buckling of In-Plane Loaded Functionally Graded Beams

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Metin Aydogdu,
  • Tolga Aksencer

摘要

There are many studies in the literature that examine functionally graded material (FGM) structures without accounting for their bending in the pre-buckling stage. On the other hand, a few studies have shown that FGM structures start bending immediately under in-plane loads rather than bifurcation buckling. The deformation of functionally graded beams under in-plane loading beams was examined in order to contribute to clarifying this issue. Both linear and geometric nonlinear analyses were carried out for different boundary conditions based on classical Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. According to the parametric analysis, simple-simple, clamped-simple, and clamped-free beams exhibit direct bending behavior instead of buckling. The effects of both compressive and tensile-type in-plane forces were examined. The present formulation can also be used for unsymmetrically laminated composite beams.