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<p>The valorization of local plant fibers to develop new composite materials with environmental benefits was studied, including low density, low cost, and improved mechanical properties. Specifically, the potential of lingo-cellulosic fibers extracted from the stems of Arundo Donax plant (AD) for reinforcing the poly(vinyl) chloride (PVC) matrix was investigated. The fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (1%) to enhance their adhesion with PVC matrix. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the chemical changes after fiber treatment associated with the reduction of hydroxyl groups (OH) present in lingo-cellulosic fibers at 3400 cm<sup>–1</sup>, while being complemented by optical spectroscopy methods that quantify these changes. Samples with varying fiber ratios (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) were manufactured using hot compression technique. Physical-chemical and mechanical characterization techniques were employed to evaluate the properties of the resulting composites. Our findings indicate an improvement in mechanical characteristics of the composites reinforced with treated fibers. For composites with 40 wt% of fiber, the hardness, tensile strength, and rigidity increased by 3.17, 23.60, and 45.05%, respectively, for treated composites compared to untreated composites, and the water absorption was reduced by 18.79%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that alkaline treatment significantly enhances the surface quality of composites.</p>

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Investigation of the Physical, Mechanical, and Morphological Properties of a New Composite Material Reinforced with Arundo Donax Fibres: Effect of Fiber Treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • S. Sahi,
  • I. Tahrat,
  • J. Kacimi,
  • Z. Belouadah

摘要

The valorization of local plant fibers to develop new composite materials with environmental benefits was studied, including low density, low cost, and improved mechanical properties. Specifically, the potential of lingo-cellulosic fibers extracted from the stems of Arundo Donax plant (AD) for reinforcing the poly(vinyl) chloride (PVC) matrix was investigated. The fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (1%) to enhance their adhesion with PVC matrix. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the chemical changes after fiber treatment associated with the reduction of hydroxyl groups (OH) present in lingo-cellulosic fibers at 3400 cm–1, while being complemented by optical spectroscopy methods that quantify these changes. Samples with varying fiber ratios (10, 20, 30, and 40 wt%) were manufactured using hot compression technique. Physical-chemical and mechanical characterization techniques were employed to evaluate the properties of the resulting composites. Our findings indicate an improvement in mechanical characteristics of the composites reinforced with treated fibers. For composites with 40 wt% of fiber, the hardness, tensile strength, and rigidity increased by 3.17, 23.60, and 45.05%, respectively, for treated composites compared to untreated composites, and the water absorption was reduced by 18.79%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that alkaline treatment significantly enhances the surface quality of composites.