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<p>In this study, we present a multi-method analytical framework that integrates bibliometric analysis, patent analytics, and machine learning (Self-Organizing Maps (SOM)) to identify research gaps in eco-friendly road transport technologies within the context of evolving European emission regulations. Analyzing 12,115 European Patent Office (EPO) patents (Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC): Y02T 10/00) and 2,559 Euro 6-era publications reveals a shift from exhaust gas purification (Euro 1–3) to integrated systems combining direct fuel injection, lithium-based components, and advanced filters (Euro 4–6). The SOM-based gap analysis highlights seven key interdisciplinary research gaps, with Gap 1—synergistic integration of emission control technologies—standing out for its high citation potential and relevance to emerging electric vehicle trends. The study proposes targeted policy actions: (i) cross-border R&amp;D consortia with 30% matched funding, (ii) tiered tax credits tied to Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs), (iii) fast-tracked certification for technologies addressing critical gaps, and (iv) harmonized testing protocols across the European Union (EU) and major Asian markets by 2025. This roadmap combines data-driven insight with actionable policy guidance to support evidence-based regulation in sustainable transport.</p>

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Steering towards future sustainability: a data-driven roadmap for eco-friendly road transport research in the European context

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Yong-Jae Lee

摘要

In this study, we present a multi-method analytical framework that integrates bibliometric analysis, patent analytics, and machine learning (Self-Organizing Maps (SOM)) to identify research gaps in eco-friendly road transport technologies within the context of evolving European emission regulations. Analyzing 12,115 European Patent Office (EPO) patents (Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC): Y02T 10/00) and 2,559 Euro 6-era publications reveals a shift from exhaust gas purification (Euro 1–3) to integrated systems combining direct fuel injection, lithium-based components, and advanced filters (Euro 4–6). The SOM-based gap analysis highlights seven key interdisciplinary research gaps, with Gap 1—synergistic integration of emission control technologies—standing out for its high citation potential and relevance to emerging electric vehicle trends. The study proposes targeted policy actions: (i) cross-border R&D consortia with 30% matched funding, (ii) tiered tax credits tied to Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs), (iii) fast-tracked certification for technologies addressing critical gaps, and (iv) harmonized testing protocols across the European Union (EU) and major Asian markets by 2025. This roadmap combines data-driven insight with actionable policy guidance to support evidence-based regulation in sustainable transport.