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<p>The improvement history of the Russian luminous intensity standard is described: from the creation of the first state standard of light under the supervision of Pavel Tikhodeev at the Main Chamber of Weights and Measures in 1925 (now the D.I.&#xa0;Mendeleev All-Russian Institute for Metrology) to its current version, GET 5‑2024 State Primary Standard of luminous intensity and luminous flux. Following the latest upgrade, GET 5‑2024 now includes new standard systems developed and produced at the All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements. With the use of GET 5‑2024, the unit of luminous intensity—the candela—can be reproduced, for the first time in the world practice, by means of a&#xa0;high-temperature blackbody model with a&#xa0;fixed thermodynamic temperature of 2856.67 K, which corresponds to the fixed melting point of molybdenum-carbon compound δ(MoC)-C. This approach enabled an extended luminous intensity uncertainty of less than 0.2% at a&#xa0;level of 388.52 cd (with a&#xa0;coverage factor of&#xa0;2). The use of an adjustable-temperature blackbody model provided a&#xa0;means to reproduce the unit of luminous intensity within the range of 1–20,000 cd with an expanded uncertainty of no more than 0.24% (with a&#xa0;coverage factor of&#xa0;2). The unit of total luminous flux, the lumen, is reproduced via the goniometric method using a&#xa0;specially designed goniophotometer. Luminous flux is reproduced within the range of 1–3500 lm with an expanded uncertainty of 0.22–0.28% at a&#xa0;coverage factor of&#xa0;2. Thus, in GET 5‑2024, luminous intensity and luminous flux are reproduced over a&#xa0;wider range, and the accuracy of their reproduction is improved. GET 5‑2024 enables the reproduction of the unit of luminous intensity as per the recommendations of the International Committee for Weights and Measures, which ensures the international consistency of scientific and applied measurement results and their accuracy, as well as improving industrial product quality, transport safety, etc.</p>

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GET 5-2024 State primary standard of luminous intensity and luminous flux

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月1日

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  • Boris B. Khlevnoy,
  • Evgeniy A. Ivashin,
  • Denis A. Otryaskin,
  • Evgenii V. Tishchenko,
  • Irina A. Grigoryeva,
  • Dmitriy V. Dobroserdov,
  • Maksim V. Solodilov,
  • Sergey A. Ogarev,
  • Valery R. Gavrilov,
  • Sergey N. Negoda,
  • Ivan S. Filimonov

摘要

The improvement history of the Russian luminous intensity standard is described: from the creation of the first state standard of light under the supervision of Pavel Tikhodeev at the Main Chamber of Weights and Measures in 1925 (now the D.I. Mendeleev All-Russian Institute for Metrology) to its current version, GET 5‑2024 State Primary Standard of luminous intensity and luminous flux. Following the latest upgrade, GET 5‑2024 now includes new standard systems developed and produced at the All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements. With the use of GET 5‑2024, the unit of luminous intensity—the candela—can be reproduced, for the first time in the world practice, by means of a high-temperature blackbody model with a fixed thermodynamic temperature of 2856.67 K, which corresponds to the fixed melting point of molybdenum-carbon compound δ(MoC)-C. This approach enabled an extended luminous intensity uncertainty of less than 0.2% at a level of 388.52 cd (with a coverage factor of 2). The use of an adjustable-temperature blackbody model provided a means to reproduce the unit of luminous intensity within the range of 1–20,000 cd with an expanded uncertainty of no more than 0.24% (with a coverage factor of 2). The unit of total luminous flux, the lumen, is reproduced via the goniometric method using a specially designed goniophotometer. Luminous flux is reproduced within the range of 1–3500 lm with an expanded uncertainty of 0.22–0.28% at a coverage factor of 2. Thus, in GET 5‑2024, luminous intensity and luminous flux are reproduced over a wider range, and the accuracy of their reproduction is improved. GET 5‑2024 enables the reproduction of the unit of luminous intensity as per the recommendations of the International Committee for Weights and Measures, which ensures the international consistency of scientific and applied measurement results and their accuracy, as well as improving industrial product quality, transport safety, etc.