<p>Updating the fleet of radio engineering and electromagnetic measuring instruments is driven by the introduction of high-end technologies and modernization of radio electronic industry products. The use of a&#xa0;new generation component base in modern measuring instruments has made it possible to improve their parameters, such as measurement and frequency ranges, as well as instrumental error. As a&#xa0;result, the error of microwave power measuring instruments is limited by the metrological characteristics of the working standards and transfer measurement methods. Therefore, it is important to improve the theory and methodology of reproduction and transfer of a&#xa0;unit of power of electromagnetic oscillations from the state primary standard. A&#xa0;system of requirements for primary and working standards has been formed, which incorporates the results of measuring complex reflection coefficients to reduce the mismatch error and accounts for the stability criteria. The results of scientific research on the creation of primary, secondary, working standards, and instruments for measuring the power of electromagnetic oscillations in the range from 37.5 to 178.4 GHz are presented. The ways to ensure metrological traceability of measuring the power of electromagnetic oscillations in the frequency range from&#xa0;9⋅10⁻⁶ to 178.4 GHz with an error of no more than&#xa0;1.5% are proposed. A&#xa0;concept for developing a&#xa0;state verification schedule for power measuring instruments based on the use of adopted working standards of units of complex reflection and transmission coefficients, attenuation, and frequency is suggested. The main elements of the system being created for the reproduction and transfer of microwave power units, including the state primary standard with an extended frequency range, working standards, and commercial power meters, will provide an improved measurement accuracy during the development and testing of modern radio engineering complexes.</p>