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<p>We present a&#xa0;brief survey of various piezoelectric actuators, i.e., electromechanical converters of the electric signals of a&#xa0;power source into motion. We develop an electromechanical mathematical model of a&#xa0;piezoelectric torsional-bending (TorsBC) actuator in the form of a&#xa0;curved two-layer bimorph of torsion consisting of two film piezoelectric IncIDE actuators with orientation angles of interdigital electrodes equal to ±π/4. The working bending of the TorsBC actuator in the transverse plane is realized as a&#xa0;result of the controlled piezoelectric twisting about its longitudinal curvilinear axis. The torque is caused by the piezoelectric tensile or compressive stresses acting at angles of ±π/4 to the longitudinal axis in the bimorph layers. The polarity of the control voltage applied to the ends of the electrodes determines the sign of piezoelectric stresses (tension or compression in the directions of the angles ±π/4) of the layers of torsion bimorph and, hence, the direction of twisting and the direction of the resulting transverse bending of the TorsBC actuator. We obtain analytic solutions and perform the numerical analyses of deflections, angle of twisting, and blocking force at the free end of the cantilever of an arc-shaped TorsBC actuator depending on its geometric and electromechanical parameters and, in particular, on the curvature of its longitudinal axis. The accumulated results can be used in the design of bending-type sensors and actuators, elements of microelectromechanical systems, stepper motors, and manipulators for assembling microscale objects.</p>

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Electromechanical mathematical model of curvilinear torsional-bending piezoelectric actuator

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月1日

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  • A. A. Pan’kov

摘要

We present a brief survey of various piezoelectric actuators, i.e., electromechanical converters of the electric signals of a power source into motion. We develop an electromechanical mathematical model of a piezoelectric torsional-bending (TorsBC) actuator in the form of a curved two-layer bimorph of torsion consisting of two film piezoelectric IncIDE actuators with orientation angles of interdigital electrodes equal to ±π/4. The working bending of the TorsBC actuator in the transverse plane is realized as a result of the controlled piezoelectric twisting about its longitudinal curvilinear axis. The torque is caused by the piezoelectric tensile or compressive stresses acting at angles of ±π/4 to the longitudinal axis in the bimorph layers. The polarity of the control voltage applied to the ends of the electrodes determines the sign of piezoelectric stresses (tension or compression in the directions of the angles ±π/4) of the layers of torsion bimorph and, hence, the direction of twisting and the direction of the resulting transverse bending of the TorsBC actuator. We obtain analytic solutions and perform the numerical analyses of deflections, angle of twisting, and blocking force at the free end of the cantilever of an arc-shaped TorsBC actuator depending on its geometric and electromechanical parameters and, in particular, on the curvature of its longitudinal axis. The accumulated results can be used in the design of bending-type sensors and actuators, elements of microelectromechanical systems, stepper motors, and manipulators for assembling microscale objects.