Spur gear time-varying mesh stiffness considering meshing phase difference caused by angle misalignment error

Angle misalignment error is a common issue in gear transmission systems that can alter the contact state between gear pairs and change their internal excitation. This paper establishes a time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) iterative model considering the change of meshing phase difference caused by angle misalignment error. The model considers the effects of torsional deformation, nonlinear contact, and friction excitation of spur gears. The proposed model is verified by finite element method (FEM). This study presents a simulation and analysis of the impact of misalignment error and load on the TVMS of gear teeth. The results show that the proposed model agrees with FEM results, and as the misalignment angle increases, the percentage difference of TVMS also increases nonlinearly. In addition, with an increase in load, the TVMS in the vertical direction increases more significantly. These findings provide a theoretical basis for understanding the influence mechanism of angle misalignment error.