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<p>A multi-material honeycomb design based on a smooth curved-edge re-entrant cell with negative Poisson’s ratio behavior is proposed. In the present framework, the smooth curved-edge geometry is introduced to alleviate stress concentration at re-entrant junctions and to promote a more continuous deformation path, while the multi-material arrangement is employed as the principal strategy for tailoring local stiffness distribution and energy-absorption performance. The mechanical behavior of the proposed structure is investigated through a combined methodology of theoretical modeling, finite element analysis, and quasi-static experiments on baseline prototypes. An energy-based approach is used to derive the equivalent Poisson’s ratio of the multi-material multi-cell structure, and the analytical predictions are supported by numerical simulations. Quasi-static compression experiments and simulations on the baseline structure show an average discrepancy of 7.3% in plateau stress, supporting the predictive capability of the adopted numerical framework. The in-plane mechanical response of the proposed cellular structure under quasi-static compression and dynamic impact is systematically studied, with particular attention to deformation modes and energy-absorption characteristics. Compared with single-material structures made of low-carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and copper alloy, the multi-material design improves the specific energy absorption per unit mass by 13.2%, 14.6%, and 38.2%, respectively. Furthermore, under an impact velocity of − 4170 mm/s, the proposed energy-absorbing box achieves an <i>SEA</i> of 9.19 kJ·kg<sup>−1</sup>, which is 4.7% higher than that of the straight-edged benchmark structure (8.777 kJ·kg<sup>−1</sup>). More importantly, the proposed design exhibits a longer plateau stage and reduces the maximum contact force from 170 to 136.09 kN, indicating an improved crashworthiness response. These results provide useful support for the design of lightweight protective structures with enhanced load-control capability.</p>

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Design and mechanical properties of multi-material negative Poisson’s ratio honeycombs: A study on structures with smooth curved edges

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Junhua Xiao,
  • Haoran Mei,
  • Tianzeng Tao

摘要

A multi-material honeycomb design based on a smooth curved-edge re-entrant cell with negative Poisson’s ratio behavior is proposed. In the present framework, the smooth curved-edge geometry is introduced to alleviate stress concentration at re-entrant junctions and to promote a more continuous deformation path, while the multi-material arrangement is employed as the principal strategy for tailoring local stiffness distribution and energy-absorption performance. The mechanical behavior of the proposed structure is investigated through a combined methodology of theoretical modeling, finite element analysis, and quasi-static experiments on baseline prototypes. An energy-based approach is used to derive the equivalent Poisson’s ratio of the multi-material multi-cell structure, and the analytical predictions are supported by numerical simulations. Quasi-static compression experiments and simulations on the baseline structure show an average discrepancy of 7.3% in plateau stress, supporting the predictive capability of the adopted numerical framework. The in-plane mechanical response of the proposed cellular structure under quasi-static compression and dynamic impact is systematically studied, with particular attention to deformation modes and energy-absorption characteristics. Compared with single-material structures made of low-carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and copper alloy, the multi-material design improves the specific energy absorption per unit mass by 13.2%, 14.6%, and 38.2%, respectively. Furthermore, under an impact velocity of − 4170 mm/s, the proposed energy-absorbing box achieves an SEA of 9.19 kJ·kg−1, which is 4.7% higher than that of the straight-edged benchmark structure (8.777 kJ·kg−1). More importantly, the proposed design exhibits a longer plateau stage and reduces the maximum contact force from 170 to 136.09 kN, indicating an improved crashworthiness response. These results provide useful support for the design of lightweight protective structures with enhanced load-control capability.