<p>Greaves, H., &amp; Wallace (<i>Mind</i>, 115(459), 607–632 <CitationRef CitationID="CR16">2006</CitationRef>) justify Bayesian conditionalization as the update plan that maximizes expected accuracy, for an agent considering finitely many possibilities, who is about to undergo a learning event where the potential propositions that she might learn form a partition. In recent years, several philosophers have generalized this argument to less idealized circumstances. Some authors (Easwaran, <i>Thought: A Journal of Philosophy</i>, 2(1), 53–61 <CitationRef CitationID="CR11">2013</CitationRef>; Nielsen, <i>Statistics &amp; Probability Letters</i>, 185, 109412 <CitationRef CitationID="CR29">2022</CitationRef>) relax finiteness, while others (Carr, <i>Synthese</i>, 198(4), 3581–3601 <CitationRef CitationID="CR6">2021</CitationRef>; Gallow, <i>Noûs</i>, 55(3), 487–516 <CitationRef CitationID="CR14">2021</CitationRef>; Isaacs &amp; Russell, <CitationRef CitationID="CR19">2022</CitationRef>; Schultheis, <CitationRef CitationID="CR34">2023</CitationRef>) relax partitionality. In this paper, we show how to do both at once. We give novel philosophical justifications of the use of <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10992_2025_9814_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="10" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="13" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sigma \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>σ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-algebras in the infinite setting, and argue for a different interpretation of the “signals” in the non-partitional setting. We show that the resulting update plan mitigates some problems that arise when only relaxing finiteness, but not partitionality, such as the Borel-Kolmogorov paradox.</p>

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Updating by Maximizing Expected Accuracy in Infinite Non-Partitional Settings

  • Kenny Easwaran,
  • Michael Nielsen

摘要

Greaves, H., & Wallace (Mind, 115(459), 607–632 2006) justify Bayesian conditionalization as the update plan that maximizes expected accuracy, for an agent considering finitely many possibilities, who is about to undergo a learning event where the potential propositions that she might learn form a partition. In recent years, several philosophers have generalized this argument to less idealized circumstances. Some authors (Easwaran, Thought: A Journal of Philosophy, 2(1), 53–61 2013; Nielsen, Statistics & Probability Letters, 185, 109412 2022) relax finiteness, while others (Carr, Synthese, 198(4), 3581–3601 2021; Gallow, Noûs, 55(3), 487–516 2021; Isaacs & Russell, 2022; Schultheis, 2023) relax partitionality. In this paper, we show how to do both at once. We give novel philosophical justifications of the use of \(\sigma \) σ -algebras in the infinite setting, and argue for a different interpretation of the “signals” in the non-partitional setting. We show that the resulting update plan mitigates some problems that arise when only relaxing finiteness, but not partitionality, such as the Borel-Kolmogorov paradox.