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Context <p>Loss of woody plants due to intensive agricultural expansion is particularly critical because of their role in ecosystem functions and services, as well as in ecosystem resilience. Therefore, understanding the effects of landscape changes on multiple dimensions of biodiversity (i.e., taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional) in intensive agricultural landscapes is of utmost importance for the conservation agenda aimed at maintaining ecosystem functions and services.</p> Objectives <p>Here, we address the effects of spatial and temporal changes over 37&#xa0;years in intensive farming landscapes on taxonomic (species richness and abundance), and phylogenetic and functional diversity (Mean Phylogenetic Distance, MPD, and Mean Nearest Taxon Distance, MNTD).</p> Methods <p>We analyzed woody plants’ diversity in 20 savanna and 21 forest intensive agriculture farming landscapes encompassing a Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the Brazilian Cerrado. We mapped landscape changes from 1985 to 2022 (the year of fieldwork) and calculated metrics of landscape composition and configuration. The best models explaining taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity were selected with the Akaike Information Criterion.</p> Results <p>Overall, changes in both savanna and forest amounts were the main variables explaining species richness, abundance, and functional diversity of vegetative, pollination, and seed dispersal traits, together with the amount of agroecosystem. However, the direction of the relationship (positive or negative) depended on the vegetation type (savanna or forest) and the diversity dimension.</p> Conclusions <p>Changes in the landscape are already selecting clades adapted to more open forests with higher edge effects, which can compromise ecosystem resilience and resistance to ongoing and predicted climate change. Savanna and forest showed complementation effects, increasing species richness and functional diversity in each other. Taken together, our results point to the need for conservation and restoration of forests and savannas to increase habitat amount, patch density, and landscape heterogeneity of natural vegetation.</p>

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Landscape history matters: decoupled responses of plant taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity to intensive agriculture impacts in Cerrado

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Beryl E. Lutz,
  • Thamyres T. Abreu,
  • Cibele Cássia-Silva,
  • Márcio J. Pereira,
  • Carlos M. Silva-Neto,
  • Rosane Garcia Collevatti

摘要

Context

Loss of woody plants due to intensive agricultural expansion is particularly critical because of their role in ecosystem functions and services, as well as in ecosystem resilience. Therefore, understanding the effects of landscape changes on multiple dimensions of biodiversity (i.e., taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional) in intensive agricultural landscapes is of utmost importance for the conservation agenda aimed at maintaining ecosystem functions and services.

Objectives

Here, we address the effects of spatial and temporal changes over 37 years in intensive farming landscapes on taxonomic (species richness and abundance), and phylogenetic and functional diversity (Mean Phylogenetic Distance, MPD, and Mean Nearest Taxon Distance, MNTD).

Methods

We analyzed woody plants’ diversity in 20 savanna and 21 forest intensive agriculture farming landscapes encompassing a Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the Brazilian Cerrado. We mapped landscape changes from 1985 to 2022 (the year of fieldwork) and calculated metrics of landscape composition and configuration. The best models explaining taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity were selected with the Akaike Information Criterion.

Results

Overall, changes in both savanna and forest amounts were the main variables explaining species richness, abundance, and functional diversity of vegetative, pollination, and seed dispersal traits, together with the amount of agroecosystem. However, the direction of the relationship (positive or negative) depended on the vegetation type (savanna or forest) and the diversity dimension.

Conclusions

Changes in the landscape are already selecting clades adapted to more open forests with higher edge effects, which can compromise ecosystem resilience and resistance to ongoing and predicted climate change. Savanna and forest showed complementation effects, increasing species richness and functional diversity in each other. Taken together, our results point to the need for conservation and restoration of forests and savannas to increase habitat amount, patch density, and landscape heterogeneity of natural vegetation.