<p>The current work proposes a novel cooling system for two conductive panels using a T-shaped channel with sinusoidal wavy vortex promoters under nano-enriched magnetic field effects. A finite volume method is used to analyze the influence of Reynolds number (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Re = 50\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mi>e</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>50</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–300), magnetic field strength (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(Ha = 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>H</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–50), magnetic field inclination angle (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\gamma = 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–<InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(90^\circ\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mn>90</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), vortex promoter amplitude (<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{A}}_{{\text{f}}} {\text{ = 0}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>A</mtext> <mtext>f</mtext> </msub> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>= 0</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–0.2), and wave number (<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\text{N}}_{{\text{f}}} {\text{ = 1}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>N</mtext> <mtext>f</mtext> </msub> <mrow> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mtext>= 1</mtext> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>–5) on the cooling performance of the panels. Two different cooling systems are used as Conf-1 and Conf-2. The vortex size is controlled by the Re and magnetic field parameters, while in the Conf-2 cooling system, a vortex develops near the right junction. At the maximum Re, Conf-2 provides a <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(2.9\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>2.9</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> reduction in temperature for the horizontal panel, but leads to a <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(4.4\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>4.4</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> increase in temperature for the vertical panel compared to Conf-1. At maximum strength of magnetic field, the upper panel temperature increases by <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(13.2\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>13.2</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in Conf-1 and <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1.2\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1.2</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in Conf-2, while in the lower vertical panel it decreases by <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1.3\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1.3</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in Conf-1 but increases by <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(8.5^\circ\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>8</mn> <mo>.</mo> <msup> <mn>5</mn> <mo>∘</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>C in Conf-2. From the lowest to the highest inclination angle, the upper panel temperature changes by +<InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(5.9\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>5.9</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (Conf-1) and -<InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(4\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>4</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> (Conf-2), whereas the lower panel varies by +<InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(0.1\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>0.1</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and −<InlineEquation ID="IEq16"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(5.2\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>5.2</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, respectively. The cooling performance of each panel is profoundly influenced by the amplitude and wave number of the wavy baffle, but the extent of temperature reduction depends on the cooling configuration. A model based on artificial neural network (ANN) predicts the average surface temperatures of each panel as functions of Re and magnetic field parameters which enables identification of optimal cooling conditions; under these optima, sinusoidal baffle significantly lowers temperatures, achieving up to <InlineEquation ID="IEq17"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(67\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>67</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> reduction for horizontal Panel in Conf-2 and up to <InlineEquation ID="IEq18"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(35\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>35</mn> <mmultiscripts> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mrow /> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mrow /> <mo>∘</mo> </mmultiscripts> </mmultiscripts> <mtext>C</mtext> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> in Conf-1 cooling system.</p>

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Effects of sinusoidal-shaped vortex promoters and inclined nano-enriched magnetic field on the cooling and ANN-based optimization of two conductive panels mounted in a T-shaped channel

  • Fatih Selimefendigil,
  • Ahmed Mir,
  • Chemseddine Maatki,
  • Lioua Kolsi,
  • Kaouther Ghachem

摘要

The current work proposes a novel cooling system for two conductive panels using a T-shaped channel with sinusoidal wavy vortex promoters under nano-enriched magnetic field effects. A finite volume method is used to analyze the influence of Reynolds number ( \(Re = 50\) R e = 50 –300), magnetic field strength ( \(Ha = 0\) H a = 0 –50), magnetic field inclination angle ( \(\gamma = 0\) γ = 0 \(90^\circ\) 90 ), vortex promoter amplitude ( \({\text{A}}_{{\text{f}}} {\text{ = 0}}\) A f = 0 –0.2), and wave number ( \({\text{N}}_{{\text{f}}} {\text{ = 1}}\) N f = 1 –5) on the cooling performance of the panels. Two different cooling systems are used as Conf-1 and Conf-2. The vortex size is controlled by the Re and magnetic field parameters, while in the Conf-2 cooling system, a vortex develops near the right junction. At the maximum Re, Conf-2 provides a \(2.9\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 2.9 C reduction in temperature for the horizontal panel, but leads to a \(4.4\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 4.4 C increase in temperature for the vertical panel compared to Conf-1. At maximum strength of magnetic field, the upper panel temperature increases by \(13.2\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 13.2 C in Conf-1 and \(1.2\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 1.2 C in Conf-2, while in the lower vertical panel it decreases by \(1.3\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 1.3 C in Conf-1 but increases by \(8.5^\circ\) 8 . 5 C in Conf-2. From the lowest to the highest inclination angle, the upper panel temperature changes by + \(5.9\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 5.9 C (Conf-1) and - \(4\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 4 C (Conf-2), whereas the lower panel varies by + \(0.1\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 0.1 C and − \(5.2\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 5.2 C , respectively. The cooling performance of each panel is profoundly influenced by the amplitude and wave number of the wavy baffle, but the extent of temperature reduction depends on the cooling configuration. A model based on artificial neural network (ANN) predicts the average surface temperatures of each panel as functions of Re and magnetic field parameters which enables identification of optimal cooling conditions; under these optima, sinusoidal baffle significantly lowers temperatures, achieving up to \(67\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 67 C reduction for horizontal Panel in Conf-2 and up to \(35\;^{^\circ } {\text{C}}\) 35 C in Conf-1 cooling system.