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<p>Paraffin wax (PW) is widely used as a phase change material (PCM) for latent heat thermal energy storage, however its low thermal conductivity limits practical performance. Consequently, researchers have extensively investigated nanoparticle enhanced PCMs to improve heat transfer characteristics. In this study, copper (Cu) nanoparticle enhanced paraffin composite PCMs (CPCMs) were prepared with Cu loadings of 5, 10, and 15&#xa0;mass% using an ultra-sonication assisted dispersion method. The thermo physical properties of the composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal conductivity measurements. The results showed that the thermal conductivity increased from 0.2 ± 0.02 (PW) to 0.367 ± 0.02 for PCM with 15&#xa0;mass% Cu with an enhancement of 83.5%. The composite containing 10&#xa0;mass% Cu showed a 13.1% increase in latent heat, indicating improved energy storage capacity. The melting temperatures of all composites increased slightly compared to pure PW. These findings indicate that the addition of copper nanoparticles improve the thermal conductivity of PW, while preserving or improving the energy storage capacity, particularly at higher loadings.</p>

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Thermal studies on paraffin based phase change materials incorporated with copper nanoparticles with higher loadings

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • G. Murali,
  • J. Emeema,
  • P. S. N. Masthan Vali,
  • Anant Sidhappa Kurhade

摘要

Paraffin wax (PW) is widely used as a phase change material (PCM) for latent heat thermal energy storage, however its low thermal conductivity limits practical performance. Consequently, researchers have extensively investigated nanoparticle enhanced PCMs to improve heat transfer characteristics. In this study, copper (Cu) nanoparticle enhanced paraffin composite PCMs (CPCMs) were prepared with Cu loadings of 5, 10, and 15 mass% using an ultra-sonication assisted dispersion method. The thermo physical properties of the composites were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal conductivity measurements. The results showed that the thermal conductivity increased from 0.2 ± 0.02 (PW) to 0.367 ± 0.02 for PCM with 15 mass% Cu with an enhancement of 83.5%. The composite containing 10 mass% Cu showed a 13.1% increase in latent heat, indicating improved energy storage capacity. The melting temperatures of all composites increased slightly compared to pure PW. These findings indicate that the addition of copper nanoparticles improve the thermal conductivity of PW, while preserving or improving the energy storage capacity, particularly at higher loadings.