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<p>This study investigates the thermodynamic performance of a solar air heater integrated with a V-corrugated absorber plate and nano-enhanced phase change material storage. Paraffin wax was modified with 0.6% and 0.9% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and experimentally evaluated under identical outdoor conditions. The objective was to analyze the influence of nano-enhancement on thermal efficiency and energy storage behavior. Results show that peak solar radiation reached approximately 780–800&#xa0;W&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup> at 13:00&#xa0;h, while maximum thermal efficiency occurred at 14:00&#xa0;h due to Phase change materials induced thermal inertia. Compared to pure paraffin (42% peak efficiency), the 0.6% and 0.9% multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites achieved peak efficiencies of 52% and 56%, corresponding to enhancements of 24% and 33%, respectively. The nano-enhanced systems maintained an 8–14 percentage point efficiency advantage throughout the operating period and demonstrated improved thermal buffering during declining irradiance. The findings confirm that optimized MWCNT loading significantly enhances heat transfer and energy storage performance, establishing the 0.9% configuration as the most thermodynamically effective design for advanced solar air heating applications.</p>

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Impact of nano-enhanced phase change material on the thermodynamic performance of V-corrugated solar air heaters

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Karthikeyan Rajendran,
  • Ravikumar Athapagoundenpudur Rangaraj,
  • Ganesh Nataraj,
  • Ajithkumar Sitharaj

摘要

This study investigates the thermodynamic performance of a solar air heater integrated with a V-corrugated absorber plate and nano-enhanced phase change material storage. Paraffin wax was modified with 0.6% and 0.9% multi-walled carbon nanotubes and experimentally evaluated under identical outdoor conditions. The objective was to analyze the influence of nano-enhancement on thermal efficiency and energy storage behavior. Results show that peak solar radiation reached approximately 780–800 W m−2 at 13:00 h, while maximum thermal efficiency occurred at 14:00 h due to Phase change materials induced thermal inertia. Compared to pure paraffin (42% peak efficiency), the 0.6% and 0.9% multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites achieved peak efficiencies of 52% and 56%, corresponding to enhancements of 24% and 33%, respectively. The nano-enhanced systems maintained an 8–14 percentage point efficiency advantage throughout the operating period and demonstrated improved thermal buffering during declining irradiance. The findings confirm that optimized MWCNT loading significantly enhances heat transfer and energy storage performance, establishing the 0.9% configuration as the most thermodynamically effective design for advanced solar air heating applications.