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<p>Nanofluids, consisting of nanoparticles with high thermal conductivity dispersed in a stationary fluid at low volume fractions, have shown great promise as heat transfer media. The aim of this work is to develop and improve the stability, thermal conductivity, and thermophysical properties of MWCNT nanofluids through the use of different types of hybrid surfactant, such as such cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDSB), CTAB with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), CTAB with gum Arabic (GA), CTAB with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), with deionised water/propylene glycol (DI/PG) as a base fluid. The prepared nanofluids are characterised based on UV–Vis spectroscopy, zeta potential, viscosity, thermal conductivity, wettability (contact angle), surface tension, and specific heat capacity. The results show that the lowest and highest sedimentation rates are found for CTAB/GA and CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactant-assisted nanofluids. The stability (zeta potential) values are enhanced by 100% for CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants compared with pure MWCNT nanofluid. Of the nanofluids with hybrid surfactants, CTAB/PVP is higher than 51.657%, 56.6%, and 74% those compared with CTAB/SDBS, CTAB/GA. The viscosities of the prepared nanofluid are reduced at higher shear rates, and the thermal conductivity is enhanced by 48.8% and 48.73% for pure MWCNTs and CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants compared to the base fluid. CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants show higher thermal conductivity than the other hybrid surfactants, even after 30&#xa0;days of sonication. Moreover, the lowest contact angle, surface tension, and specific heat capacity values are found for the CTAB/PVP nanofluid. Hence, CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants are the optimal choice for alternative heat transfer in an electronic device cooling system.</p>

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Stability and thermophysical enhancement of hybrid surfactant-assisted MWCNT nanofluids for heat transfer applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月25日

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  • Y. Z. N. Htwe,
  • Hussin Mamat

摘要

Nanofluids, consisting of nanoparticles with high thermal conductivity dispersed in a stationary fluid at low volume fractions, have shown great promise as heat transfer media. The aim of this work is to develop and improve the stability, thermal conductivity, and thermophysical properties of MWCNT nanofluids through the use of different types of hybrid surfactant, such as such cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDSB), CTAB with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), CTAB with gum Arabic (GA), CTAB with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), with deionised water/propylene glycol (DI/PG) as a base fluid. The prepared nanofluids are characterised based on UV–Vis spectroscopy, zeta potential, viscosity, thermal conductivity, wettability (contact angle), surface tension, and specific heat capacity. The results show that the lowest and highest sedimentation rates are found for CTAB/GA and CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactant-assisted nanofluids. The stability (zeta potential) values are enhanced by 100% for CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants compared with pure MWCNT nanofluid. Of the nanofluids with hybrid surfactants, CTAB/PVP is higher than 51.657%, 56.6%, and 74% those compared with CTAB/SDBS, CTAB/GA. The viscosities of the prepared nanofluid are reduced at higher shear rates, and the thermal conductivity is enhanced by 48.8% and 48.73% for pure MWCNTs and CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants compared to the base fluid. CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants show higher thermal conductivity than the other hybrid surfactants, even after 30 days of sonication. Moreover, the lowest contact angle, surface tension, and specific heat capacity values are found for the CTAB/PVP nanofluid. Hence, CTAB/PVP hybrid surfactants are the optimal choice for alternative heat transfer in an electronic device cooling system.