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<p>The escalating global demand for sustainable energy necessitates advanced hybrid systems that maximize efficiency and economic viability. This study mitigates the inefficiencies in conventional solar-driven systems by proposing a novel multi-generation configuration that integrates a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC), a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, and an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) where the traditional condenser is replaced with a Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) for waste heat recovery. The primary objective is to optimize this system to simultaneously maximize exergy efficiency and minimize the total cost rate. The system was modeled thermodynamically using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) and optimized via the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The results demonstrate that replacing the condenser with a TEG significantly enhances performance, achieving an optimum exergy efficiency of 18.36% and a minimized cost rate of 1.76 h<sup>−1</sup>. The sensitivity analysis identifies the turbine inlet temperature and solar panel area as critical design parameters, with solar panels contributing the most to exergy destruction. These findings confirm that thermoelectric-enhanced ORC systems offer a cost-effective, high-efficiency solution for simultaneous electricity, heating, cooling, and green hydrogen production.</p>

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Techno-economic analysis and optimization of a newly designed energy system coupled with thermoelectric technology for cooling, heating and green fuel production

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Aidin Shaghaghi,
  • Pantea Sahraee,
  • Leila Niazi,
  • Ebrahim Jamalinejad,
  • Rahim Zahedi,
  • Vahid Rezaei,
  • Mohammad Taghi Tahooneh

摘要

The escalating global demand for sustainable energy necessitates advanced hybrid systems that maximize efficiency and economic viability. This study mitigates the inefficiencies in conventional solar-driven systems by proposing a novel multi-generation configuration that integrates a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC), a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyzer, and an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) where the traditional condenser is replaced with a Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) for waste heat recovery. The primary objective is to optimize this system to simultaneously maximize exergy efficiency and minimize the total cost rate. The system was modeled thermodynamically using the Engineering Equation Solver (EES) and optimized via the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The results demonstrate that replacing the condenser with a TEG significantly enhances performance, achieving an optimum exergy efficiency of 18.36% and a minimized cost rate of 1.76 h−1. The sensitivity analysis identifies the turbine inlet temperature and solar panel area as critical design parameters, with solar panels contributing the most to exergy destruction. These findings confirm that thermoelectric-enhanced ORC systems offer a cost-effective, high-efficiency solution for simultaneous electricity, heating, cooling, and green hydrogen production.