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<p>Molecular explosives such as RDX (1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine) and HMX (1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane) have seen increasingly widespread use in various applications for decades since their discovery and synthesis. These explosives are used either in pure form or in various mixtures, including composite explosives, polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs), and cocrystals. Therefore, studying the thermal behavior and responses to temperature changes for explosives RDX and HMX is remains of significant interest to producers, consumers, and researchers. Common methods of thermal analysis, such as thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in both isothermal and non-isothermal procedures are used to investigate thermal behavior. In this review, the results of thermal behavior studies of RDX and HMX in their pure form, and in composites, PBXs, cocrystals, also, in the presence of additives have been presented and analyzed. Kinetic parameters and the mechanism of thermal decomposition reactions are evaluated and discussed.</p>

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A review on the thermal behavior of molecular explosives of RDX and HMX

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Hamid Reza Pouretedal

摘要

Molecular explosives such as RDX (1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine) and HMX (1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane) have seen increasingly widespread use in various applications for decades since their discovery and synthesis. These explosives are used either in pure form or in various mixtures, including composite explosives, polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs), and cocrystals. Therefore, studying the thermal behavior and responses to temperature changes for explosives RDX and HMX is remains of significant interest to producers, consumers, and researchers. Common methods of thermal analysis, such as thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in both isothermal and non-isothermal procedures are used to investigate thermal behavior. In this review, the results of thermal behavior studies of RDX and HMX in their pure form, and in composites, PBXs, cocrystals, also, in the presence of additives have been presented and analyzed. Kinetic parameters and the mechanism of thermal decomposition reactions are evaluated and discussed.