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<p>Compact heat exchangers play a vital role in automotive thermal management, particularly in heavy-duty transportation, where efficient heat dissipation is essential for engine reliability. This study investigates the thermophysical behavior of locally available coolant–water blends to enhance heat transfer rate while maintaining higher temperature gradients. Experiments were conducted using a counter-flow compact heat exchanger test rig. Coolant mixtures were prepared by blending three commercially available coolants such as GOETZE, MFC, and CASTROL oil of each contribution at 10% and 12% volume concentrations with distilled water. Uniform dispersion was achieved through controlled sonication involving specific temperature, pressure, and stirring conditions. The Taguchi method was employed to optimize mixing parameters for superior thermal performance, revealing that sonication time and concentration ratio significantly influenced thermal conductivity and viscosity. Experimental results showed that GOETZE at 12% concentration provides a higher temperature gradient, leading to improved heat transfer efficiency. Comparative analysis of GOETZE and Castrol blends (10% and 12%) indicates that GOETZE exhibits superior thermal performance due to its higher temperature gradient, making it a strong candidate for heat exchanger applications.</p>

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Experimental performance assessment of automotive-scale compact heat exchangers using water and commercial coolant mixtures

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Bhaskar S,
  • B. Nageswara Rao,
  • Sanjay Kumar Gupta

摘要

Compact heat exchangers play a vital role in automotive thermal management, particularly in heavy-duty transportation, where efficient heat dissipation is essential for engine reliability. This study investigates the thermophysical behavior of locally available coolant–water blends to enhance heat transfer rate while maintaining higher temperature gradients. Experiments were conducted using a counter-flow compact heat exchanger test rig. Coolant mixtures were prepared by blending three commercially available coolants such as GOETZE, MFC, and CASTROL oil of each contribution at 10% and 12% volume concentrations with distilled water. Uniform dispersion was achieved through controlled sonication involving specific temperature, pressure, and stirring conditions. The Taguchi method was employed to optimize mixing parameters for superior thermal performance, revealing that sonication time and concentration ratio significantly influenced thermal conductivity and viscosity. Experimental results showed that GOETZE at 12% concentration provides a higher temperature gradient, leading to improved heat transfer efficiency. Comparative analysis of GOETZE and Castrol blends (10% and 12%) indicates that GOETZE exhibits superior thermal performance due to its higher temperature gradient, making it a strong candidate for heat exchanger applications.