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<p>In this research, the steady, incompressible 3D nanofluid flow over a dual stretchable surface is analyzed using two hybrid nanofluids, namely copper/silver–water and copper oxide/titanium oxide–water. The study examines enhanced heat and mass transfer in rotational nanofluid flows, integrating microorganisms, through theoretical modeling and validation, focusing on how rotational motion affects nanofluid behavior and microorganism interactions. The governing equations for fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transport, and biological activity were initially modeled as PDEs and transformed into nonlinear ODEs using similarity transformations. These transformed equations are tackled in MATLAB by using the bvp4c numerical technique. The results are presented through graphs and tables, highlighting the interactions and dependencies of the parameters studied. The study focuses on the impacts of key parameters, including Prandtl number, Lewis number, Nusselt number, magnetic parameters, radiation parameter, and Schmidt number, on velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism profiles. The skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and motile microorganism number incorporate the chemical reaction, thermal radiation, heat source/sink constraint, Lewis number, and bioconvection PECLET number. Comparisons with existing results validate the novel findings, which have practical applications in optimizing cooling systems, improving industrial heat exchangers, and enhancing biotechnological processes like wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical production.</p>

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Thermal enhancement in rotational nanofluid flow with integrated microorganisms

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月29日

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  • Muhammad Qadeer,
  • Fahad M. Alharbi,
  • Mubashar Arshad,
  • Mohammad Mahtab Alam,
  • Thabet Abdeljawad,
  • Ahmed M. Galal

摘要

In this research, the steady, incompressible 3D nanofluid flow over a dual stretchable surface is analyzed using two hybrid nanofluids, namely copper/silver–water and copper oxide/titanium oxide–water. The study examines enhanced heat and mass transfer in rotational nanofluid flows, integrating microorganisms, through theoretical modeling and validation, focusing on how rotational motion affects nanofluid behavior and microorganism interactions. The governing equations for fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transport, and biological activity were initially modeled as PDEs and transformed into nonlinear ODEs using similarity transformations. These transformed equations are tackled in MATLAB by using the bvp4c numerical technique. The results are presented through graphs and tables, highlighting the interactions and dependencies of the parameters studied. The study focuses on the impacts of key parameters, including Prandtl number, Lewis number, Nusselt number, magnetic parameters, radiation parameter, and Schmidt number, on velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism profiles. The skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and motile microorganism number incorporate the chemical reaction, thermal radiation, heat source/sink constraint, Lewis number, and bioconvection PECLET number. Comparisons with existing results validate the novel findings, which have practical applications in optimizing cooling systems, improving industrial heat exchangers, and enhancing biotechnological processes like wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical production.