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<p>Addressing the global water crisis requires efficient desalination technologies. This study introduces a novel, multi-level nanomaterial integration method to significantly enhance the productivity of a solar still. The system employs a synergistic approach: a nano-paint coating (graphite/activated carbon) in a checked pattern on the glass cover, a preheater for the inlet saline water, and nanoparticles (graphite, ZnO, Cu, and AC) dispersed directly in the basin water at varying concentrations (5–20&#xa0;g). Experimental results demonstrate that a 15&#xa0;g nanoparticle concentration yields optimal performance, with the integrated system particularly using an 8&#xa0;mm thick nano-coated glass cover achieving the highest freshwater yield. This multi-enhancement strategy presents a viable and sustainable path for high-efficiency solar desalination in water-scarce regions.</p>

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A comprehensive investigation on enhancing freshwater yield in solar stills through multi-level nanoparticle-based heat collection techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • T. Karthikprabhu,
  • K. Mylsamy

摘要

Addressing the global water crisis requires efficient desalination technologies. This study introduces a novel, multi-level nanomaterial integration method to significantly enhance the productivity of a solar still. The system employs a synergistic approach: a nano-paint coating (graphite/activated carbon) in a checked pattern on the glass cover, a preheater for the inlet saline water, and nanoparticles (graphite, ZnO, Cu, and AC) dispersed directly in the basin water at varying concentrations (5–20 g). Experimental results demonstrate that a 15 g nanoparticle concentration yields optimal performance, with the integrated system particularly using an 8 mm thick nano-coated glass cover achieving the highest freshwater yield. This multi-enhancement strategy presents a viable and sustainable path for high-efficiency solar desalination in water-scarce regions.