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<p>This study experimentally investigates the synergistic effect of rifled riser tubes and MgO nanoparticle-enhanced deionized water (DIW) nanofluids on the performance of a flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) operating in natural circulation mode. The experiments were conducted using a 1-m<sup>2</sup> collector area coupled with a 50-L hot water storage tank. The rifled tube was tested with pure DI water and MgO nanofluids at varying mass concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%, and results were benchmarked against a plain tube collector using DI water. The performance was evaluated based on the collector outlet temperature, thermal efficiency, and the reduced temperature-efficiency characteristics. The rifled-tube design significantly enhanced heat transfer due to increased surface area and induced turbulence, which also minimized nanoparticle agglomeration. Notably, the rifled-tube collector with 0.75% MgO/DIW nanofluid achieved the highest improvements in thermal and exergy efficiencies up to 70% and 21%, respectively—compared to the plain tube collector with DI water. The collector efficiency improved progressively with increasing MgO concentration: 49%, 58%, 65%, and 70% for DI water, and 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% MgO nanofluids, respectively. Additionally, the heat removal factor, <i>F</i><sub>R</sub>(τα), increased by 27%, while the heat loss coefficient, <i>F</i><sub>R</sub><i>U</i><sub>L</sub>, decreased by 12% with the 0.75% MgO nanofluid. This configuration also enabled a potential 18% reduction in collector area, underscoring its applicability for compact, high-efficiency solar thermal systems.</p>

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Analyzing the influence of rifled tube and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticle on the performance of flat-plate solar collector under natural circulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月6日

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  • R. Manickam,
  • M. Dinesh Babu,
  • M. Naresh Babu,
  • K. Kamakshi Priya

摘要

This study experimentally investigates the synergistic effect of rifled riser tubes and MgO nanoparticle-enhanced deionized water (DIW) nanofluids on the performance of a flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) operating in natural circulation mode. The experiments were conducted using a 1-m2 collector area coupled with a 50-L hot water storage tank. The rifled tube was tested with pure DI water and MgO nanofluids at varying mass concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75%, and results were benchmarked against a plain tube collector using DI water. The performance was evaluated based on the collector outlet temperature, thermal efficiency, and the reduced temperature-efficiency characteristics. The rifled-tube design significantly enhanced heat transfer due to increased surface area and induced turbulence, which also minimized nanoparticle agglomeration. Notably, the rifled-tube collector with 0.75% MgO/DIW nanofluid achieved the highest improvements in thermal and exergy efficiencies up to 70% and 21%, respectively—compared to the plain tube collector with DI water. The collector efficiency improved progressively with increasing MgO concentration: 49%, 58%, 65%, and 70% for DI water, and 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% MgO nanofluids, respectively. Additionally, the heat removal factor, FR(τα), increased by 27%, while the heat loss coefficient, FRUL, decreased by 12% with the 0.75% MgO nanofluid. This configuration also enabled a potential 18% reduction in collector area, underscoring its applicability for compact, high-efficiency solar thermal systems.