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<p>In this experimental study, a mini-sized heat pipe (HP) with spirally coiled ends is introduced as a novel flow turbulator. These heat pipes feature a copper shell partially filled with acetone as the working fluid. A copper porous tube with a 3D structure serves as the capillary wick. The wick is meticulously engineered to align with the specific dimensions and geometric characteristics of the heat pipe. The number of coil rings, referred to as the coil number, is closely associated with the capacity of the evaporator and condenser sections of the heat pipes. This parameter is examined in detail across a range of 1–5, serving as the primary geometrical variable. In each case study, a single HP-turbulator is mounted on the inner tube of a test double-pipe heat exchanger (DPHE). Positioned within the annular region, the HP-turbulator directly affects the flow and thermal fields in this zone. Accordingly, the study focuses on the Nusselt number and the friction factor in this region for different Reynolds numbers ranging from 2500 to 4800. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the heat pipes through an enhancement in the Nusselt number ranging between 15 and 39%. This enhancement is accompanied by an acceptable increase in pressure drop by from 20 to 37%. These variations result in a thermal performance criterion varying from 1.05 to 1.28. Overall, the turbulator with a coil number of 3 exhibits the highest thermal performance. The findings further indicate that the devices operate more efficiently at lower Reynolds numbers.</p>

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Experimental study on the thermal performance of a pipe heat exchanger with a heat pipe-based flow turbulator featuring spiral ends and 3D wick

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月22日

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  • Mohammad Jafari

摘要

In this experimental study, a mini-sized heat pipe (HP) with spirally coiled ends is introduced as a novel flow turbulator. These heat pipes feature a copper shell partially filled with acetone as the working fluid. A copper porous tube with a 3D structure serves as the capillary wick. The wick is meticulously engineered to align with the specific dimensions and geometric characteristics of the heat pipe. The number of coil rings, referred to as the coil number, is closely associated with the capacity of the evaporator and condenser sections of the heat pipes. This parameter is examined in detail across a range of 1–5, serving as the primary geometrical variable. In each case study, a single HP-turbulator is mounted on the inner tube of a test double-pipe heat exchanger (DPHE). Positioned within the annular region, the HP-turbulator directly affects the flow and thermal fields in this zone. Accordingly, the study focuses on the Nusselt number and the friction factor in this region for different Reynolds numbers ranging from 2500 to 4800. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the heat pipes through an enhancement in the Nusselt number ranging between 15 and 39%. This enhancement is accompanied by an acceptable increase in pressure drop by from 20 to 37%. These variations result in a thermal performance criterion varying from 1.05 to 1.28. Overall, the turbulator with a coil number of 3 exhibits the highest thermal performance. The findings further indicate that the devices operate more efficiently at lower Reynolds numbers.