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<p>The global transition to sustainable energy systems is crucial for addressing climate change and reducing reliance on fossil fuels, which are primary contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. Alternative fuels, including hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, ethanol, biodiesel, and other bio-derived fuels, offer a promising pathway toward achieving a low-carbon future. This review examines the production methods, environmental benefits, and limitations of various alternative fuels, with a particular focus on their roles in the transportation and industrial sectors, where decarbonization presents significant challenges. It also explores the feasibility of integrating these fuels as energy carriers within existing infrastructure, enabling a gradual transition to renewable energy systems. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of advanced combustion technologies, such as MILD combustion, oxygen-enhanced combustion and staged combustion, in improving fuel efficiency, enhancing performance, and reducing emissions. Despite challenges such as high production costs, infrastructure needs, and efficiency trade-offs, alternative fuels possess substantial potential to reduce carbon emissions and support sustainable energy goals. The findings underscore the need for continued research, technological development, and policy support to optimize these fuels, ensuring their contribution to a cleaner, more resilient energy landscape.</p>

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The role and potential of alternative fuels in driving the energy transition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月23日

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  • Bigeud Bouhentala,
  • Ali Navid,
  • Sven Eckart

摘要

The global transition to sustainable energy systems is crucial for addressing climate change and reducing reliance on fossil fuels, which are primary contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. Alternative fuels, including hydrogen, ammonia, methanol, ethanol, biodiesel, and other bio-derived fuels, offer a promising pathway toward achieving a low-carbon future. This review examines the production methods, environmental benefits, and limitations of various alternative fuels, with a particular focus on their roles in the transportation and industrial sectors, where decarbonization presents significant challenges. It also explores the feasibility of integrating these fuels as energy carriers within existing infrastructure, enabling a gradual transition to renewable energy systems. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of advanced combustion technologies, such as MILD combustion, oxygen-enhanced combustion and staged combustion, in improving fuel efficiency, enhancing performance, and reducing emissions. Despite challenges such as high production costs, infrastructure needs, and efficiency trade-offs, alternative fuels possess substantial potential to reduce carbon emissions and support sustainable energy goals. The findings underscore the need for continued research, technological development, and policy support to optimize these fuels, ensuring their contribution to a cleaner, more resilient energy landscape.