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<p>Phase change materials (PCMs) are innovative materials that store and release energy during their melting and freezing processes. Although they offer several advantages, their stability can be compromised by environmental interactions. To mitigate these issues, researchers have created microencapsulated PCMs, which improve performance and durability by enclosing the PCMs in protective coatings. This study used coconut oil as a Bio-PCM coated with a natural material such as CaCO<sub>3</sub> through a simple, cost-effective self-assembly method. To stabilize the coconut oil (Bio-PCM) in encapsulated form with a calcium carbonate layer, calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) and sodium carbonate (Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) were added to an emulsion containing non-ionic surfactants (Triton X-100 and Tween 80) to prevent leakage and improve thermal insulation with lower energy consumption. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) revealed that the coconut oil microcapsules exhibited a flawless spherical morphology and a distinct core–shell microstructure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed melting and freezing enthalpies of 22.43&#xa0;J&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> and 20.67&#xa0;J&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, and melting and freezing temperatures of 24.35&#xa0;°C and 3.55&#xa0;°C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the successful encapsulation of the phase change material (PCM) within the microcapsules. The developed Bio-PCM@CaCO<sub>3</sub> microcapsules showed promising potential for energy storage applications due to their nearly spherical shape with a diameter of 5.0&#xa0;μm, outstanding thermal conductivity of 0.655 W&#xa0;m<sup>−1</sup>&#xa0;K<sup>−1</sup>, strong thermal stability, and latent heat capacity of 20.67&#xa0;J&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>.</p>

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Microencapsulated coconut oil-based Bio-PCM with a calcium carbonate shell for building thermal energy storage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月23日

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  • Yosr Laatiri,
  • Slim Zghal,
  • Habib Sammouda,
  • Fadhel Aloulou

摘要

Phase change materials (PCMs) are innovative materials that store and release energy during their melting and freezing processes. Although they offer several advantages, their stability can be compromised by environmental interactions. To mitigate these issues, researchers have created microencapsulated PCMs, which improve performance and durability by enclosing the PCMs in protective coatings. This study used coconut oil as a Bio-PCM coated with a natural material such as CaCO3 through a simple, cost-effective self-assembly method. To stabilize the coconut oil (Bio-PCM) in encapsulated form with a calcium carbonate layer, calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) were added to an emulsion containing non-ionic surfactants (Triton X-100 and Tween 80) to prevent leakage and improve thermal insulation with lower energy consumption. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) revealed that the coconut oil microcapsules exhibited a flawless spherical morphology and a distinct core–shell microstructure. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed melting and freezing enthalpies of 22.43 J g−1 and 20.67 J g−1, respectively, and melting and freezing temperatures of 24.35 °C and 3.55 °C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the successful encapsulation of the phase change material (PCM) within the microcapsules. The developed Bio-PCM@CaCO3 microcapsules showed promising potential for energy storage applications due to their nearly spherical shape with a diameter of 5.0 μm, outstanding thermal conductivity of 0.655 W m−1 K−1, strong thermal stability, and latent heat capacity of 20.67 J g−1.