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<p>Bioconvection in nanofluid flows is an attractive area of research that focuses on the combined effects of nanofluid behavior and the natural convection that arises due to the collective movement of motile microorganisms, such as algae or bacteria. It has applications in both engineering and biological fields, such as biotechnology, energy systems, and environmental engineering. In this study, we examined the flow behavior of mixed convection magnetized bioconvective micropolar nanofluid with motile microorganisms by stretching cylinder. The influences of magnetic field, mixed convection, thermal radiation, dissipation, and heat source are accounted in the formulation of mathematical model. Physical impacts of Arrhenius kinetics and chemical reactions are further considered. The system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is transformed into an ordinary one and solved using the built-in shooting function NDSolve of Mathematica software. The influences of diverse generated parameters on micropolar fluid velocities, temperature, concentration, and motile density are analyzed graphically. Physical quantities like the coefficient of surface drag force, couple stress coefficient, heat transfer rate, Sherwood number, and density number are examined numerically. The results indicate that an increase in the Hartmann number correlates with a decline in the velocity of micropolar fluid, whereas the temperature exhibits an upward trend. Nanofluid velocity decays through concentration Grashof number and bioconvection Raleigh number, whereas it improves via thermal Grashof number. The magnitude of heat transfer improves versus magnetic variable, Prandtl number, Brownian, and thermophoretic variables.</p>

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Physical aspects of mixed convection and heat generation in magnetized bioconvective flow of micropolar nanofluid by stretched cylinder with thermal radiation and activation energy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • Muzher Saleem,
  • Ghada A. Khouqeer,
  • Fazal Haq,
  • Mohammed Sallah

摘要

Bioconvection in nanofluid flows is an attractive area of research that focuses on the combined effects of nanofluid behavior and the natural convection that arises due to the collective movement of motile microorganisms, such as algae or bacteria. It has applications in both engineering and biological fields, such as biotechnology, energy systems, and environmental engineering. In this study, we examined the flow behavior of mixed convection magnetized bioconvective micropolar nanofluid with motile microorganisms by stretching cylinder. The influences of magnetic field, mixed convection, thermal radiation, dissipation, and heat source are accounted in the formulation of mathematical model. Physical impacts of Arrhenius kinetics and chemical reactions are further considered. The system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is transformed into an ordinary one and solved using the built-in shooting function NDSolve of Mathematica software. The influences of diverse generated parameters on micropolar fluid velocities, temperature, concentration, and motile density are analyzed graphically. Physical quantities like the coefficient of surface drag force, couple stress coefficient, heat transfer rate, Sherwood number, and density number are examined numerically. The results indicate that an increase in the Hartmann number correlates with a decline in the velocity of micropolar fluid, whereas the temperature exhibits an upward trend. Nanofluid velocity decays through concentration Grashof number and bioconvection Raleigh number, whereas it improves via thermal Grashof number. The magnitude of heat transfer improves versus magnetic variable, Prandtl number, Brownian, and thermophoretic variables.