The present article explores the influence of heat and mass transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow with hybrid nanofluid in a three-layer tube. The motivation stems from the growing demand for enhanced thermal management systems, especially in solar water heaters and industrial heat exchangers. The model assumes steady, incompressible, laminar, and axisymmetric flow conditions under the influence of magnetic field, radiation, and internal heat generation. Mathematical modeling, based on partial differential equations, is converted into ordinary differential equations with similarity transformations. Furthermore, the governing equations solved by finite difference method. A datasets is generated by adjusting relevant parameters through NDSolve function in “Mathematica” software. Essential parameters including Hall current effect (m), Reynolds number, rotation parameter <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$(\Omega )$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, radiation parameter (Rd), heat source parameter (Q), Biot number <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$(\gamma )$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, suction parameter (S), and magnetic parameter (M) are integrated into the physical model to enhance its efficiency. This involves examining axial and tangential velocity, as well as temperature profiles, to refine the model’s accuracy and effectiveness. The results demonstrate that an increase in magnetic parameter(M), radiation number (Rd), and nanoparticle volume fraction (<InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Phi$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) significantly influences velocity and temperature distributions. For instance, temperature profiles show up to 18.5% enhancement in thermal boundary layer thickness with increasing <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\Phi$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Φ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> from 0.01 to 0.03, while the skin friction decreases by approximately 11.3% due to magnetic damping effects. These findings are particularly relevant in the design of solar water heating systems, offering improved heat absorption and reduced thermal resistance.

Heat and mass transfer on MHD flow with hybrid nanofluids inside multi-tube system

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发表日期：

2025年9月23日

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Anup Singh Negi,
Akriti Rawat,
Monika,
Tanuja Bisht,
Yash Rawat

摘要

The present article explores the influence of heat and mass transfer characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow with hybrid nanofluid in a three-layer tube. The motivation stems from the growing demand for enhanced thermal management systems, especially in solar water heaters and industrial heat exchangers. The model assumes steady, incompressible, laminar, and axisymmetric flow conditions under the influence of magnetic field, radiation, and internal heat generation. Mathematical modeling, based on partial differential equations, is converted into ordinary differential equations with similarity transformations. Furthermore, the governing equations solved by finite difference method. A datasets is generated by adjusting relevant parameters through NDSolve function in “Mathematica” software. Essential parameters including Hall current effect (m), Reynolds number, rotation parameter $(\Omega )$ $(Ω)$ , radiation parameter (Rd), heat source parameter (Q), Biot number $(\gamma )$ $(γ)$ , suction parameter (S), and magnetic parameter (M) are integrated into the physical model to enhance its efficiency. This involves examining axial and tangential velocity, as well as temperature profiles, to refine the model’s accuracy and effectiveness. The results demonstrate that an increase in magnetic parameter(M), radiation number (Rd), and nanoparticle volume fraction ( $\Phi$ $Φ$ ) significantly influences velocity and temperature distributions. For instance, temperature profiles show up to 18.5% enhancement in thermal boundary layer thickness with increasing $\Phi$ $Φ$ from 0.01 to 0.03, while the skin friction decreases by approximately 11.3% due to magnetic damping effects. These findings are particularly relevant in the design of solar water heating systems, offering improved heat absorption and reduced thermal resistance.