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<p>Thermal cracking of petroleum vacuum residues is investigated using samples with widely varying Conradson carbon residue (CCR) (4.95–22.5 mass%) and asphaltene content (1.8–14.4 mass%), which represent the diverse operating regime of commercial delayed coking process units. Multivariate regression models using different approaches of normalization as well as process parameter interactions are developed, and it is found that linear models predict most of the product yields accurately. Feed CCR has a significant impact on the product profile with low CCR resulting in high LPG and gasoil yields and low coke yield. The naphtha yield does not depend significantly on the feed CCR, whereas the impact of feed CCR on FG yield is dependent on the temperature. The activation energies for residue thermal cracking calculated by three different isoconversional methods are in the range of 60–215&#xa0;kJ&#xa0;mol<sup>−1</sup> and exhibit a linear increase with CCR, asphaltene and aromatic contents. Moreover, the activation energy may also be impacted by the molecular structure of the constituent asphaltenes. A new ‘metal distribution intensity index’ is proposed which indicates the metal levels in asphaltene and maltene fractions relative to concentration of the respective fractions in the residue feed. The proposed index could have applications in identification of source of impurities, study of catalyst deactivation and furnace tube fouling.</p>

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Thermal cracking behavior of petroleum residues by multivariate regression, kinetic analysis and molecular characterization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月25日

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  • Pradeep PR,
  • Sujit Mondal,
  • Madhusudan Sau,
  • Divesh Bhatia,
  • Kamal K. Pant

摘要

Thermal cracking of petroleum vacuum residues is investigated using samples with widely varying Conradson carbon residue (CCR) (4.95–22.5 mass%) and asphaltene content (1.8–14.4 mass%), which represent the diverse operating regime of commercial delayed coking process units. Multivariate regression models using different approaches of normalization as well as process parameter interactions are developed, and it is found that linear models predict most of the product yields accurately. Feed CCR has a significant impact on the product profile with low CCR resulting in high LPG and gasoil yields and low coke yield. The naphtha yield does not depend significantly on the feed CCR, whereas the impact of feed CCR on FG yield is dependent on the temperature. The activation energies for residue thermal cracking calculated by three different isoconversional methods are in the range of 60–215 kJ mol−1 and exhibit a linear increase with CCR, asphaltene and aromatic contents. Moreover, the activation energy may also be impacted by the molecular structure of the constituent asphaltenes. A new ‘metal distribution intensity index’ is proposed which indicates the metal levels in asphaltene and maltene fractions relative to concentration of the respective fractions in the residue feed. The proposed index could have applications in identification of source of impurities, study of catalyst deactivation and furnace tube fouling.