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<p>The present study aims to examine, from the perspective of developments in heat and mass transfer, the properties of a hybrid nanofluid that is kept flowing through a porous medium over a rotating three-dimensional stretching sheet. The impact of the Darcy-Forchheimer effect, inclined magnetic field, diffusion-thermo, and heat source/sink effects are generally characterized by the proposed mathematical model. The obtained first-order system is then executed using the MATLAB bvp4c package, which also utilizes the shooting approach. For the velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions for pertinent physical parameters, graphs are created for a range of progressive values of non-dimensionalized parameters. On the other hand, numerical data is used to analyse variations in the friction factor, heat, and mass transfer rates. The results show that the velocity distribution is constrained by the momentum boundary layer, which has a larger Forchheimer number and produces a more significant retarding inertial force that opposes fluid motion. This work advances the development of microfluidic systems with precise thermal and mass transport control, improves cooling techniques in nuclear energy systems, and contributes to the development of improved thermal shielding for aeronautical vehicles.</p>

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Numerical simulations of radiative three-dimensional stretching regime by hybridized (Ag–CuO/Water) flow with chemical reaction and heat absorption

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • B. Shankar Goud,
  • D. Krishnan,
  • P. Durgaprasad,
  • G. Dharmaiah

摘要

The present study aims to examine, from the perspective of developments in heat and mass transfer, the properties of a hybrid nanofluid that is kept flowing through a porous medium over a rotating three-dimensional stretching sheet. The impact of the Darcy-Forchheimer effect, inclined magnetic field, diffusion-thermo, and heat source/sink effects are generally characterized by the proposed mathematical model. The obtained first-order system is then executed using the MATLAB bvp4c package, which also utilizes the shooting approach. For the velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions for pertinent physical parameters, graphs are created for a range of progressive values of non-dimensionalized parameters. On the other hand, numerical data is used to analyse variations in the friction factor, heat, and mass transfer rates. The results show that the velocity distribution is constrained by the momentum boundary layer, which has a larger Forchheimer number and produces a more significant retarding inertial force that opposes fluid motion. This work advances the development of microfluidic systems with precise thermal and mass transport control, improves cooling techniques in nuclear energy systems, and contributes to the development of improved thermal shielding for aeronautical vehicles.