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<p>The central aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive mathematical model for the peristaltic propulsion of hybrid nanorefrigerant R134a within the porous elliptic duct. The candidate nanoparticles for the hybrid nanofluid are aluminum oxide and zirconium dioxide. In this context, the electroosmotic phenomenon amplifies the peristaltic motion, which introduces a slip velocity at the duct boundaries. The study incorporates the influence of buoyancy forces and a non-uniform heat source/sink, which are both spatially and thermally dependent. The subsequent partial differential equations are solved analytically, employing a polynomial-type solution approach. The fluid flow characteristics are thoroughly analyzed through graphical results. Additionally, the system's efficiency is evaluated by examining the mechanical efficiency measurements. The results suggest that an elevated occlusion parameter substantially augments the peristaltic flow’s efficiency. Velocity contour plots illustrate that fluid acceleration is more pronounced in a medium with lower porosity. Furthermore, the nanofluid's hybrid composition impacts the cooling efficacy of R134a, with an increased concentration of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in the R134a-zirconium dioxide nanorefrigerant contributing to a notable reduction in temperature. The electroosmotic effects at the duct boundaries emerge as a pivotal control mechanism.</p>

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Electroosmotically modulated peristaltic transport of R134a hybrid nanorefrigerant in an elliptic duct with spatial and thermal heat source/sink variability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Javaria Akram,
  • Hamna Tun Naeem

摘要

The central aim of this study is to develop a comprehensive mathematical model for the peristaltic propulsion of hybrid nanorefrigerant R134a within the porous elliptic duct. The candidate nanoparticles for the hybrid nanofluid are aluminum oxide and zirconium dioxide. In this context, the electroosmotic phenomenon amplifies the peristaltic motion, which introduces a slip velocity at the duct boundaries. The study incorporates the influence of buoyancy forces and a non-uniform heat source/sink, which are both spatially and thermally dependent. The subsequent partial differential equations are solved analytically, employing a polynomial-type solution approach. The fluid flow characteristics are thoroughly analyzed through graphical results. Additionally, the system's efficiency is evaluated by examining the mechanical efficiency measurements. The results suggest that an elevated occlusion parameter substantially augments the peristaltic flow’s efficiency. Velocity contour plots illustrate that fluid acceleration is more pronounced in a medium with lower porosity. Furthermore, the nanofluid's hybrid composition impacts the cooling efficacy of R134a, with an increased concentration of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in the R134a-zirconium dioxide nanorefrigerant contributing to a notable reduction in temperature. The electroosmotic effects at the duct boundaries emerge as a pivotal control mechanism.