The present paper aims to scrutinize numerically the magneto-double diffusive natural convection in a wavy porous cavity filled with a radiative hybrid nanofluid. The vertical sidewalls of the cavity were assumed to have a wavy structure and maintained at cold temperatures and low concentrations. A discrete heat source was embedded in its lower wall, while the rest and the upper wall were adiabatic. The hybrid nanoliquid within the enclosure was exposed to a vertically applied magnetic field. Double diffusion phenomena are regulated by the Navier–Stokes equations, along with energy and species equations, and are solved by a recently developed compact scheme. We validate our in-house code by comparing it with both experimental and numerical results. The results were provided for a broad range of buoyancy ratio (N), radiation parameter (Rd), the Rayleigh number (Ra), the Darcy number (Da), the heater length (b) and location (d), the Lewis number (Le), undulation number of the wavy border (l) and solid volume fraction (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14398_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="32" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\phi _\textrm{hnp}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>ϕ</mi> <mtext>hnp</mtext> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) of the hybrid nanofluid. We have presented our results in detail through visual representations of streamlines, isotherms and isoconcentration. In addition, the overall thermal and solutal distributions are represented through the average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Results reveal that hybrid nanoparticles are responsible for enhancing energy transfer and decreasing solutal transfer. In addition, thermal and species transfer enhancement is noted with increasing values of the Rayleigh and Darcy numbers. In contrast, thermal and solutal transfer reduction are noted with the increasing Hartmann number and heater size. A change in Lewis number (Le) from 1 to 10, heat transfer reduced by 7.26% for <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14398_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$b=0.2$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, 10.61% for <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14398_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$b=0.4$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.4</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and 9.63% for <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="10973_2025_14398_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="14" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="51" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$b=0.6$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.6</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, while the mass transfer is enhanced by 166.51%, 150.71% and 144.59%, respectively. Our research also stated that the small heater produces maximum values of thermosolutal transfer.

Magento-double diffusive natural convection in a partially heated wavy porous cavity filled with a radiative hybrid nanofluid

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发表日期：

2025年6月11日

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Samrat Hansda,
Dhruba Majhi,
Ahmed Kadhim Hussein,
Zainab T. Al-Sharify,
Sajjad Firas Abdulameer

摘要

The present paper aims to scrutinize numerically the magneto-double diffusive natural convection in a wavy porous cavity filled with a radiative hybrid nanofluid. The vertical sidewalls of the cavity were assumed to have a wavy structure and maintained at cold temperatures and low concentrations. A discrete heat source was embedded in its lower wall, while the rest and the upper wall were adiabatic. The hybrid nanoliquid within the enclosure was exposed to a vertically applied magnetic field. Double diffusion phenomena are regulated by the Navier–Stokes equations, along with energy and species equations, and are solved by a recently developed compact scheme. We validate our in-house code by comparing it with both experimental and numerical results. The results were provided for a broad range of buoyancy ratio (N), radiation parameter (Rd), the Rayleigh number (Ra), the Darcy number (Da), the heater length (b) and location (d), the Lewis number (Le), undulation number of the wavy border (l) and solid volume fraction ( $\phi _\textrm{hnp}$ $ϕ_{hnp}$ ) of the hybrid nanofluid. We have presented our results in detail through visual representations of streamlines, isotherms and isoconcentration. In addition, the overall thermal and solutal distributions are represented through the average Nusselt and Sherwood numbers. Results reveal that hybrid nanoparticles are responsible for enhancing energy transfer and decreasing solutal transfer. In addition, thermal and species transfer enhancement is noted with increasing values of the Rayleigh and Darcy numbers. In contrast, thermal and solutal transfer reduction are noted with the increasing Hartmann number and heater size. A change in Lewis number (Le) from 1 to 10, heat transfer reduced by 7.26% for $b=0.2$ $b = 0.2$ , 10.61% for $b=0.4$ $b = 0.4$ and 9.63% for $b=0.6$ $b = 0.6$ , while the mass transfer is enhanced by 166.51%, 150.71% and 144.59%, respectively. Our research also stated that the small heater produces maximum values of thermosolutal transfer.