Scholarlink

<p>Water scarcity is an urgent global issue, with over 700 million people lacking access to clean water, and demand is expected to grow by 3% by 2050. Human activities, such as pollution and overexploitation of natural resources, have further stressed both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Addressing these challenges requires effective desalination and water reuse technologies, particularly in treating produced water—wastewater generated by the oil and gas industries. Hydrate-based desalination offers a promising alternative, utilizing crystalline hydrates formed under low temperatures and high pressures to separate freshwater from saline solutions. However, this approach has not yet been commercialized, mainly due to slow formation kinetics. Recent studies have focused on thermodynamic and kinetic analyses to identify the most efficient hydrate formers. In this study, we investigate the thermodynamics of HFC-152a hydrate by establishing its phase equilibrium curve in the presence of various salts at different concentrations using high-pressure micro-differential scanning calorimeter (µDSC). Results indicate that increasing salt concentrations shift the hydrate formation conditions to higher pressures and lower temperatures. Additionally, at salt concentrations of 1.5% m/m, the inhibitory effects follow the trend: MgCl₂ &gt; CaCl₂ &gt; NaCl &gt; KCl. At higher salt concentrations, however, the trend in inhibition changes to NaCl &gt; MgCl₂ &gt; CaCl₂ &gt; KCl. These insights are essential for understanding the influence of individual salts on hydrate formation, which can guide improvements in hydrate-based desalination.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Impact of salt concentration on the hydrate formation of HFC-152a: a thermodynamic investigation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月10日

查看全文
  • Manas Rehan Dakkumalla,
  • Ponnivalavan Babu,
  • Nagu Daraboina

摘要

Water scarcity is an urgent global issue, with over 700 million people lacking access to clean water, and demand is expected to grow by 3% by 2050. Human activities, such as pollution and overexploitation of natural resources, have further stressed both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Addressing these challenges requires effective desalination and water reuse technologies, particularly in treating produced water—wastewater generated by the oil and gas industries. Hydrate-based desalination offers a promising alternative, utilizing crystalline hydrates formed under low temperatures and high pressures to separate freshwater from saline solutions. However, this approach has not yet been commercialized, mainly due to slow formation kinetics. Recent studies have focused on thermodynamic and kinetic analyses to identify the most efficient hydrate formers. In this study, we investigate the thermodynamics of HFC-152a hydrate by establishing its phase equilibrium curve in the presence of various salts at different concentrations using high-pressure micro-differential scanning calorimeter (µDSC). Results indicate that increasing salt concentrations shift the hydrate formation conditions to higher pressures and lower temperatures. Additionally, at salt concentrations of 1.5% m/m, the inhibitory effects follow the trend: MgCl₂ > CaCl₂ > NaCl > KCl. At higher salt concentrations, however, the trend in inhibition changes to NaCl > MgCl₂ > CaCl₂ > KCl. These insights are essential for understanding the influence of individual salts on hydrate formation, which can guide improvements in hydrate-based desalination.