A comparative analysis: heat transfer in thermally stratified MHD Carreau ternary (Cu-Al2O3-TiO2) hybrid nanofluid flow across an inclined vertical cylinder in presence of radiation
摘要
The study's goal is to look at how modified and mixed nanofluids move with a non-Newtonian MHD Carreau fluid on an inclined vertical cylinder while radiation is present. The thermal efficiency of heat transfer using three distinct categories of tiny particles: copper (Cu), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) with H2O serving as the original fluid is calculated. Applying the similarity transformation, partial differential equations can be transformed into ordinary differential equations which are nonlinear, and the bvp4c technique is used to numerically simplify it. Carreau ternary hybrid nanofluid refers to the fluid's viscosity changes depending on the shear rate, significantly enhancing its heat transfer properties compared to a regular fluid; this combination is often studied in applications where high heat transfer is needed, like in solar collectors or advanced cooling systems. The main aim of using Carreau ternary nanofluids is to increase the thermal efficiency accordingly. The investigation results indicate that the velocity of modified and hybrid nanofluids decreased through the increasing amounts of the inclination. The skin friction rate and Nusselt number increase with higher values of the Weissenberg parameter for both modified and hybrid nanofluids. For modified and hybrid nanofluids, the radiation parameter increases the rate of heat transmission. The presentation also specifies the values of the Nusselt number and skin friction coefficient for specific factors.