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Abstract <p>The materials based on a mixed SrTiO<sub>3</sub> – CaTiO<sub>3</sub> system with assumed chemical compositions: Sr<sub>0.2</sub>Ca<sub>0.8</sub>Ti<sub>1-y</sub>Co<sub>y</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (Ca- rich materials) and Sr<sub>0.8</sub>Ca<sub>0.2</sub>Ti<sub>1-y</sub>Co<sub>y</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (Sr-rich materials) with various Co contents—1, 2, or 5&#xa0;mol.% relative to the amount of Ti, were synthesized by modified sol–gel method. All samples were calcined at 900&#xa0;°C and sintered at 1400&#xa0;°C, additionally systems with a 5% cobalt dopant were sintered also at 1200&#xa0;°C. The research aims was to evaluate how the processing temperature and the amount of Co-modifier affects the functional properties of the Co-doped CaTiO<sub>3</sub>-SrTiO<sub>3</sub> system, particularly concerning Co incorporation into the perovskite structure and the formation of Co-rich phases. XRD analysis confirms that regardless of processing temperature, the main phase observed in all synthesized materials is the perovskite structure compound. However, TPR measurements and EDS analysis reveal the presence of additional Co-rich phases such as CoTiO<sub>3</sub> and cobalt oxides. Increasing the thermal treatment temperature from 900 to 1400&#xa0;°C results in the evaporation of Co-species from the analyzed systems, leading to significant changes in the redox properties of doped systems annealed at higher temperatures. The introduction of cobalt alters the microstructure, thereby influencing the electrical properties of the materials. Moreover, the presence of additional Co-rich phases reduces the total conductivity of the materials. Through the conducted research, it was observed that the ability to bond cobalt is higher for Sr-rich materials.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The effect of Co addition on the properties of the materials in CaTiO3 – SrTiO3 system

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月5日

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  • Paulina Gwóźdź,
  • Agnieszka Łącz,
  • Ewa Drożdż

摘要

Abstract

The materials based on a mixed SrTiO3 – CaTiO3 system with assumed chemical compositions: Sr0.2Ca0.8Ti1-yCoyO3 (Ca- rich materials) and Sr0.8Ca0.2Ti1-yCoyO3 (Sr-rich materials) with various Co contents—1, 2, or 5 mol.% relative to the amount of Ti, were synthesized by modified sol–gel method. All samples were calcined at 900 °C and sintered at 1400 °C, additionally systems with a 5% cobalt dopant were sintered also at 1200 °C. The research aims was to evaluate how the processing temperature and the amount of Co-modifier affects the functional properties of the Co-doped CaTiO3-SrTiO3 system, particularly concerning Co incorporation into the perovskite structure and the formation of Co-rich phases. XRD analysis confirms that regardless of processing temperature, the main phase observed in all synthesized materials is the perovskite structure compound. However, TPR measurements and EDS analysis reveal the presence of additional Co-rich phases such as CoTiO3 and cobalt oxides. Increasing the thermal treatment temperature from 900 to 1400 °C results in the evaporation of Co-species from the analyzed systems, leading to significant changes in the redox properties of doped systems annealed at higher temperatures. The introduction of cobalt alters the microstructure, thereby influencing the electrical properties of the materials. Moreover, the presence of additional Co-rich phases reduces the total conductivity of the materials. Through the conducted research, it was observed that the ability to bond cobalt is higher for Sr-rich materials.

Graphical Abstract