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<p>A chitosan derivative, named as HCS, was synthesized by a simple reaction of para-hydroxybenzaldehyde with chitosan (CS), and was then used in combination with 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) to obtain a biomass-based intumescent flame retardant (IFR) in epoxy resins (EPs). At a total addition of 5 mass% and a mass ratio of DOPO to HCS being 3:1, the modified EP (S4) successfully passed the vertical combustion (UL-94) V-0 rating with a limit oxygen index (LOI) value of up to 33.0%. CC tests showed a 21.6% reduction in both peak smoke production rate (PSPR) and peak heat release rate (PHRR), and 71.4% reduction in total smoke production (TSP) for sample S4 compared with EP. Ulteriorly, XPS, FTIR, SEM and Raman tests were performed on the char residues of different modified samples after CC tests. These results showed that the char residue of sample S4 had an intact and dense structure, which played a role in preventing hot and gas exchange. In a word, the combination of HCS and DOPO imparted better flame retardancy properties to the epoxy resin than the singular use of them. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the modified EPs were not impaired by the addition of HCS and DOPO.</p>

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Preparation of multi-hydroxy chitosan derivative and its synergistic effect on fire performance and mechanical properties of epoxy resin

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月16日

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  • Jing Yan,
  • Haiqing Jiang,
  • Na Gao,
  • Xiangnan Zhang,
  • Xingyu Liu,
  • Siqi Huo,
  • Jing Lu,
  • Junjie Wang

摘要

A chitosan derivative, named as HCS, was synthesized by a simple reaction of para-hydroxybenzaldehyde with chitosan (CS), and was then used in combination with 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) to obtain a biomass-based intumescent flame retardant (IFR) in epoxy resins (EPs). At a total addition of 5 mass% and a mass ratio of DOPO to HCS being 3:1, the modified EP (S4) successfully passed the vertical combustion (UL-94) V-0 rating with a limit oxygen index (LOI) value of up to 33.0%. CC tests showed a 21.6% reduction in both peak smoke production rate (PSPR) and peak heat release rate (PHRR), and 71.4% reduction in total smoke production (TSP) for sample S4 compared with EP. Ulteriorly, XPS, FTIR, SEM and Raman tests were performed on the char residues of different modified samples after CC tests. These results showed that the char residue of sample S4 had an intact and dense structure, which played a role in preventing hot and gas exchange. In a word, the combination of HCS and DOPO imparted better flame retardancy properties to the epoxy resin than the singular use of them. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the modified EPs were not impaired by the addition of HCS and DOPO.