Thermal management of NEPCM during freezing considering conduction mechanism

In this study, a cold storage container was simulated with the aim of improving the freezing process through innovative techniques. To accelerate the freezing rate, porous foam was introduced within the storage unit, while water was enhanced by the dispersion of hybrid nanopowders. Additionally, radiative cooling was incorporated as a method to further expedite solidification. The numerical model, validated through the Galerkin method, demonstrated high accuracy and reliability. Results showed a noteworthy decrement in freezing time by about 65.78% when using porous foam, highlighting its role in enhancing thermal conductivity within the system. The incorporation of radiative cooling increased the freezing rate by around 57%, providing further evidence of its effectiveness in speeding up solidification. Moreover, the addition of nanopowders to the H₂O mixture resulted in a 4.24% decrease in period time. The prominence of this work lies in its ability to significantly enhance cold energy storage systems by combining multiple advanced techniques. This innovative approach not only improves efficiency but also offers potential applications in fields such as cryogenics and thermal management.