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<p>This study presents a green-engineered heterostructure photocatalyst, CuWO₄@MoS₂, synthesized via a hydrothermal route using ginger extract, for efficient degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light. The novelty lies in combining the redox-rich CuWO₄ with MoS₂ to form a synergistic heterojunction using an eco-friendly method that eliminates the need for harmful chemicals. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful formation of a CuWO<sub>4</sub>@MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructure without secondary phases, while crystallite size enlargement and reduced dislocation density indicated improved crystallinity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the retention of key functional groups and the formation of strong interfacial bonds. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) affirmed the elemental purity and hybridization of both components. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed uniform CuWO₄ particle anchoring onto MoS₂ sheets with reduced grain size up to 43 µm. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a red shift in absorption edge and a narrowed bandgap (2.70 eV), enhancing visible-light utilization. CuWO₄@MoS₂ exhibited suppressed PL intensity and a smaller EIS arc radius, confirming reduced charge recombination and enhanced charge transfer. The composite achieved 89% dye degradation efficiency, outperforming individual materials, and followed zero-order and pseudo-first-order kinetics with the highest rate constant. This green-fabricated CuWO₄@MoS₂ shows promise as a sustainable photocatalyst for wastewater treatment and provides a template for future development of eco-friendly heterostructures with enhanced photoreactivity.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Facile green synthesis of CuWO4@MoS2 via ginger extract: structural, optical, and photocatalytic insights toward environmental remediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • Muhammad Tariq Nadeem,
  • M. I. Khan,
  • Ali Mujtaba,
  • Merfat S. Al-Sharif,
  • Dalia I. Saleh,
  • M. N. Khan

摘要

This study presents a green-engineered heterostructure photocatalyst, CuWO₄@MoS₂, synthesized via a hydrothermal route using ginger extract, for efficient degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light. The novelty lies in combining the redox-rich CuWO₄ with MoS₂ to form a synergistic heterojunction using an eco-friendly method that eliminates the need for harmful chemicals. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the successful formation of a CuWO4@MoS2 heterostructure without secondary phases, while crystallite size enlargement and reduced dislocation density indicated improved crystallinity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified the retention of key functional groups and the formation of strong interfacial bonds. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) affirmed the elemental purity and hybridization of both components. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed uniform CuWO₄ particle anchoring onto MoS₂ sheets with reduced grain size up to 43 µm. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a red shift in absorption edge and a narrowed bandgap (2.70 eV), enhancing visible-light utilization. CuWO₄@MoS₂ exhibited suppressed PL intensity and a smaller EIS arc radius, confirming reduced charge recombination and enhanced charge transfer. The composite achieved 89% dye degradation efficiency, outperforming individual materials, and followed zero-order and pseudo-first-order kinetics with the highest rate constant. This green-fabricated CuWO₄@MoS₂ shows promise as a sustainable photocatalyst for wastewater treatment and provides a template for future development of eco-friendly heterostructures with enhanced photoreactivity.

Graphical Abstract