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<p>This study aims to fabricate undoped and 6% Bi-doped MAPbI<sub>2</sub>Br perovskite layers using the spin coating method and study their structural, morphological, and photovoltaic properties. The cubic structure of MAPbI<sub>2</sub>Br was verified by X-ray diffraction, with relatively large grains being observed in SEM micrographs. Compared to its pristine counterpart, the 6% Bi-doped MAPbI<sub>2</sub>Br layer shows an improved refractive index and a smaller bandgap, according to UV-visible spectroscopy. This work presents a dual-layer electron transport layer (ETL) design made of TiO<sub>2</sub> and Al-SnO<sub>2</sub> that is especially suited for PSCs containing MAPbI<sub>2</sub>Br as the hole transport layer (HTL). This arrangement marks a major milestone for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with Bi-MAPbI<sub>2</sub>Br as absorber and an inorganic ETL, achieving an open-circuit voltage of 1.07 V and a power conversion efficiency of 10.39%. The conduction band alignment of MAPbI<sub>2</sub>Br and Al-SnO<sub>2</sub> promotes effective electron transport, which leads to a reduction of recombination losses and thus enhances the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Enhancing photovoltaic performance of Bi-doped perovskite solar cells with novel double electron transport layer: achieving high open-circuit voltage and efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • M. I. Khan,
  • Saddam Hussain,
  • Ghulam M. Mustafa,
  • Mongi Amami,
  • Margarita Rodríguez-Rodríguez,
  • Manuel J. Pellegrini-Cervantes

摘要

This study aims to fabricate undoped and 6% Bi-doped MAPbI2Br perovskite layers using the spin coating method and study their structural, morphological, and photovoltaic properties. The cubic structure of MAPbI2Br was verified by X-ray diffraction, with relatively large grains being observed in SEM micrographs. Compared to its pristine counterpart, the 6% Bi-doped MAPbI2Br layer shows an improved refractive index and a smaller bandgap, according to UV-visible spectroscopy. This work presents a dual-layer electron transport layer (ETL) design made of TiO2 and Al-SnO2 that is especially suited for PSCs containing MAPbI2Br as the hole transport layer (HTL). This arrangement marks a major milestone for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with Bi-MAPbI2Br as absorber and an inorganic ETL, achieving an open-circuit voltage of 1.07 V and a power conversion efficiency of 10.39%. The conduction band alignment of MAPbI2Br and Al-SnO2 promotes effective electron transport, which leads to a reduction of recombination losses and thus enhances the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

Graphical Abstract