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<p>In this study, pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> and Copper (Cu)-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> nanopowders were synthesized using two sol-gel methods: conventional sol-gel (SG) and microwave-assisted sol-gel (MW). The aim was to investigate the effect of the synthesis route and Cu doping on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of TiO<sub>2</sub>. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> in all samples, with a minor presence of rutile observed in the samples obtained by the MW method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) showed that the nanopowders obtained by the MW method exhibited a greater tendency for particle aggregation compared to those obtained through the SG method. The presence of Cu<sup>2+</sup>/Cu<sup>+</sup> species in the samples was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). UV-Vis reflectance measurements revealed a shift in the absorption edge of the 5% Cu-doped samples toward the visible light range, significantly reducing the band gap. Evaluation of photocatalytic activity demonstrated that doping TiO<sub>2</sub> with 5% Cu enhanced the degradation of Congo Red dye under visible light.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Comparative study of the Cu-TiO2 nanostructures obtained by sol-gel and microwave assisted sol-gel methods

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月18日

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  • Luminița Predoană,
  • Jeanina Pandele-Cușu,
  • Irina Atkinson,
  • Simona Petrescu,
  • Oana Cătălina Mocioiu,
  • Daniela C. Culiță,
  • Dániel Attila Karajz,
  • Vincent Otieno Odhiambo,
  • Hamsasew Hankebo Lemago,
  • Ana Paula Barreto Gomes,
  • Zalán István Várady,
  • Marcell Bohus,
  • Ruxandra M. Costescu,
  • Imre M. Szilágyi,
  • György Pokol,
  • Maria Zaharescu

摘要

In this study, pristine TiO2 and Copper (Cu)-doped TiO2 nanopowders were synthesized using two sol-gel methods: conventional sol-gel (SG) and microwave-assisted sol-gel (MW). The aim was to investigate the effect of the synthesis route and Cu doping on the structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of TiO2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of anatase TiO2 in all samples, with a minor presence of rutile observed in the samples obtained by the MW method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) showed that the nanopowders obtained by the MW method exhibited a greater tendency for particle aggregation compared to those obtained through the SG method. The presence of Cu2+/Cu+ species in the samples was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). UV-Vis reflectance measurements revealed a shift in the absorption edge of the 5% Cu-doped samples toward the visible light range, significantly reducing the band gap. Evaluation of photocatalytic activity demonstrated that doping TiO2 with 5% Cu enhanced the degradation of Congo Red dye under visible light.

Graphical Abstract