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<p>Two-dimensional materials are seeing an upsurge in research and various applications. In this work, the growth of cupric oxide (CuO) nanostructures with different morphologies is reported by employing <i>modified</i>-liquid-liquid phase separation (<i>m-</i>LLPS) technique. The concept of controlling the point of phase separation in liquid media while the reaction progresses and its influence on morphology has been investigated. This has been achieved by using two binary phases, namely copper sulfate-polyethylene glycol (PEG) (C&amp;P) and sodium hydroxide-PEG (N&amp;P) in tandem, resulting in reduction of the copper salt to copper oxide. Sheet-like agglomerated growth could be restrained into well-formed, flattened disks by merely controlling the interaction of the binary phases in time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to characterize the materials obtained. The flat CuO nanosheets were used for detection of glucose. The limit of detection and limit of quantification levels were found to be 4 mM and 13 mM, respectively. The mechanism of the <i>m</i>-LLPS method leading to an oriented growth as compared to the natural disoriented growth is discussed. This study demonstrates a very simple concept of phase separation to prepare two-dimensional materials.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Modified-liquid-liquid phase separation: a novel technique to synthesize 2-dimensional CuO nanosheets

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月16日

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  • Abha Mahajan,
  • Ajay Piriya Vijaya Kumar Saroja,
  • Ramaprabhu Sundara,
  • Rupali Nagar

摘要

Two-dimensional materials are seeing an upsurge in research and various applications. In this work, the growth of cupric oxide (CuO) nanostructures with different morphologies is reported by employing modified-liquid-liquid phase separation (m-LLPS) technique. The concept of controlling the point of phase separation in liquid media while the reaction progresses and its influence on morphology has been investigated. This has been achieved by using two binary phases, namely copper sulfate-polyethylene glycol (PEG) (C&P) and sodium hydroxide-PEG (N&P) in tandem, resulting in reduction of the copper salt to copper oxide. Sheet-like agglomerated growth could be restrained into well-formed, flattened disks by merely controlling the interaction of the binary phases in time. X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to characterize the materials obtained. The flat CuO nanosheets were used for detection of glucose. The limit of detection and limit of quantification levels were found to be 4 mM and 13 mM, respectively. The mechanism of the m-LLPS method leading to an oriented growth as compared to the natural disoriented growth is discussed. This study demonstrates a very simple concept of phase separation to prepare two-dimensional materials.

Graphical abstract