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<p>This study used a chemical sol–gel approach to create nickel manganite (NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles with various concentrations (1, 3, and 5 weight %) of Sn-doped NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. The produced nanoparticles were examined for their structural, morphological, and optical characteristics utilizing various typical methods, including Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis, SEM, and photoluminescence. The band gap value was reduced from 2.17 eV to 1.85 eV for Sn-doped samples. Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests and cyclic voltammetry were employed to characterize the NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Sn-doped NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which were used as supercapacitor electrode materials. Significant pseudocapacitive activity was displayed by the as-synthesized 5w% Sn-doped NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, with high specific capacitances of 758 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Methylene blue (MB) and RhB dye were photo-catalytically degraded using pure NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and Sn-doped NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles exposed to visible light. For 5w% Sn-doped NiMn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, the degradation efficiencies of MB and RhB were reported to be 91% and 97% within 120 min, respectively.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Integrating Sn4+ ions to spinel nickel manganite (NiMn2O4) by sol–gel approach to enhance its electrochemical and photocatalytic properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月7日

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  • John Abel Martin Mark,
  • Senthilkumar Nallusamy,
  • Nandagopal C,
  • Saravanan Pandiaraj,
  • Abdullah N. Alodhayb,
  • Khalid E. Alzahrani

摘要

This study used a chemical sol–gel approach to create nickel manganite (NiMn2O4) nanoparticles with various concentrations (1, 3, and 5 weight %) of Sn-doped NiMn2O4. The produced nanoparticles were examined for their structural, morphological, and optical characteristics utilizing various typical methods, including Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis, SEM, and photoluminescence. The band gap value was reduced from 2.17 eV to 1.85 eV for Sn-doped samples. Galvanostatic charge-discharge tests and cyclic voltammetry were employed to characterize the NiMn2O4 and Sn-doped NiMn2O4, which were used as supercapacitor electrode materials. Significant pseudocapacitive activity was displayed by the as-synthesized 5w% Sn-doped NiMn2O4 nanoparticles, with high specific capacitances of 758 F g−1 at 1 A g−1. Methylene blue (MB) and RhB dye were photo-catalytically degraded using pure NiMn2O4 and Sn-doped NiMn2O4 nanoparticles exposed to visible light. For 5w% Sn-doped NiMn2O4 nanoparticles, the degradation efficiencies of MB and RhB were reported to be 91% and 97% within 120 min, respectively.

Graphical Abstract