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<p>Volatile radioactive cesium disperses in the atmosphere at a faster rate, posing a serious health hazard. This study explores the potential of fly ash to trap cesium species and convert them into a stable glass form with improved chemical durability. Class F fly ash (FA) was examined for trapping volatile cesium species at elevated temperatures ranging from 700 to 900&#xa0;°C. Sintered fly ash porous pellets were used to trap volatile cesium species from different cesium sources, such as cesium nitrate, cesium iodide and cesium carbonate. Various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, were employed to characterise cesium-reacted fly ash pellets. XRD analysis indicated the formation of nepheline (CsAlSiO<sub>4</sub>) and pollucite (CsAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>) phases upon reaction of Cs vapour with fly ash. The cesium-reacted fly ash pellets were converted into glass using different additives at a temperature of 1100&#xa0;°C. The cesium-loaded fly ash glasses were characterised using XRD, differential scanning calorimetry, and dilatometry. XRD analysis revealed the glassy nature of the Cs-loaded fly ash glass. The chemical durability of the cesium-loaded glass matrices was assessed using the Product Consistency Test-B method. The cesium leach rate was found to be in the range of 10<sup>−5</sup>&#xa0;g/cm<sup>2</sup>/day.</p>

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Mitigation of volatile cesium species with fly ash and subsequent conversion into glasses for immobilization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月7日

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  • Jinimol Joy,
  • R. Kumaresan,
  • Kitheri Joseph,
  • M. Venkatesh,
  • D. Sujish

摘要

Volatile radioactive cesium disperses in the atmosphere at a faster rate, posing a serious health hazard. This study explores the potential of fly ash to trap cesium species and convert them into a stable glass form with improved chemical durability. Class F fly ash (FA) was examined for trapping volatile cesium species at elevated temperatures ranging from 700 to 900 °C. Sintered fly ash porous pellets were used to trap volatile cesium species from different cesium sources, such as cesium nitrate, cesium iodide and cesium carbonate. Various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, were employed to characterise cesium-reacted fly ash pellets. XRD analysis indicated the formation of nepheline (CsAlSiO4) and pollucite (CsAlSi2O6) phases upon reaction of Cs vapour with fly ash. The cesium-reacted fly ash pellets were converted into glass using different additives at a temperature of 1100 °C. The cesium-loaded fly ash glasses were characterised using XRD, differential scanning calorimetry, and dilatometry. XRD analysis revealed the glassy nature of the Cs-loaded fly ash glass. The chemical durability of the cesium-loaded glass matrices was assessed using the Product Consistency Test-B method. The cesium leach rate was found to be in the range of 10−5 g/cm2/day.