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<p>50% irons show the Morin transition and the other 50% irons do not show the Morin transition for Nb-doped hematite. In the present study, the reason and the mechanism were discussed. The doped Nb first enters the interstitial site, but when more than 2% Nb is introduced, it also enters the lattice site. When calcined at 700&#xa0;°C, Nb in the lattice site pairs with Fe and is released from the hematite, producing FeNbO<sub>4</sub>. The remaining hematite particles coalesce into a larger particle. There are two ways in which Nb and Fe escape, i.e., one leaves the crystallographically equivalent irons and the other leaves the crystallographically inequivalent irons. At low temperatures, the former becomes antiferromagnetic, but the latter remains weakly ferromagnetic. The way Nb and Fe escape is random. Therefore, the escape ratio is 1:1, and it is thought that the effect spreads throughout the crystal. In conclusion, upon releasing pairs of Nb and Fe, a stable state exhibiting a half-iron Morin transition forms.</p>

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Mechanism of half-iron Morin transition in the Nb-doped hematite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Satoru Nakashima,
  • Habibur Rahman,
  • Shiro Kubuki

摘要

50% irons show the Morin transition and the other 50% irons do not show the Morin transition for Nb-doped hematite. In the present study, the reason and the mechanism were discussed. The doped Nb first enters the interstitial site, but when more than 2% Nb is introduced, it also enters the lattice site. When calcined at 700 °C, Nb in the lattice site pairs with Fe and is released from the hematite, producing FeNbO4. The remaining hematite particles coalesce into a larger particle. There are two ways in which Nb and Fe escape, i.e., one leaves the crystallographically equivalent irons and the other leaves the crystallographically inequivalent irons. At low temperatures, the former becomes antiferromagnetic, but the latter remains weakly ferromagnetic. The way Nb and Fe escape is random. Therefore, the escape ratio is 1:1, and it is thought that the effect spreads throughout the crystal. In conclusion, upon releasing pairs of Nb and Fe, a stable state exhibiting a half-iron Morin transition forms.