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<p>Recent trends show that the main source countries of iron ore for the EU are currently Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus. Due to the large quantities of imported ore, xray scanners have been introduced at the borders of these countries, in addition to manual customs checks. However, experimental tests show that even with a modern 9&#xa0;MeV x-scanner, cigarette smuggling efficiency was low. Therefore, a new neutron scanner with higher penetrations through iron ore was designed. The geometry of a vertical neutron beam in which the iron ore layer is approximately 1&#xa0;m wide was chosen for the neutron scanner. This is an advantage over the horizontal beam of an x-scanner, which requires irradiation of more than 2&#xa0;m of ore layer. Another reason for the vertical beam is the possibility of easier reduction of the influence of cosmic neutrons on the background of neutron measurements by detectors under the iron ore layer. The properties of the neutron scanner were investigated by the Monte Carlo code MCNPX. The radiographic image of fast neutrons behind the iron ore layer was calculated with respect to the ore composition, specific gravity, humidity and actual iron ore thickness up to the neutron detector.</p>

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Continuous control of smuggling in trains carrying iron ore with a neutron scanner based on T(d,n) neutron source: Monte Carlo simulations and experimental verification

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月2日

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  • M. Fülöp,
  • P. Ragan,
  • A. Šagátová,
  • Ľ. Foltínová,
  • R. Sýkora,
  • T. Slavíček

摘要

Recent trends show that the main source countries of iron ore for the EU are currently Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Belarus. Due to the large quantities of imported ore, xray scanners have been introduced at the borders of these countries, in addition to manual customs checks. However, experimental tests show that even with a modern 9 MeV x-scanner, cigarette smuggling efficiency was low. Therefore, a new neutron scanner with higher penetrations through iron ore was designed. The geometry of a vertical neutron beam in which the iron ore layer is approximately 1 m wide was chosen for the neutron scanner. This is an advantage over the horizontal beam of an x-scanner, which requires irradiation of more than 2 m of ore layer. Another reason for the vertical beam is the possibility of easier reduction of the influence of cosmic neutrons on the background of neutron measurements by detectors under the iron ore layer. The properties of the neutron scanner were investigated by the Monte Carlo code MCNPX. The radiographic image of fast neutrons behind the iron ore layer was calculated with respect to the ore composition, specific gravity, humidity and actual iron ore thickness up to the neutron detector.