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<p>Biochar derived from biomass holds promise for environmental remediation; however, its effectiveness is often constrained by limited surface area and inadequate surface functionalities. Addressing this gap, the present study targets the challenge of enhancing the structural and chemical properties of biochar through a green and scalable pretreatment method. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) was applied as a dry pretreatment to water hyacinth biomass at doses ranging from 0 to 400&#xa0;kGy prior to pyrolysis. This approach enabled controlled disruption of cellulose and hemicellulose matrices, promoting improved carbonization and pore formation. The biochar produced at 400&#xa0;kGy exhibited a surface area of 515&#xa0;m<sup>2</sup>/g, representing a 3.3-fold increase over untreated samples. Additionally, EBI treatment increased the presence of functional groups such as C–O and pyridine-N-oxide. These modifications led to significantly enhanced adsorptive performance: nitrogen-doped biochar (NB400) achieved a methylene blue uptake of 424&#xa0;mg/g, while NB100 demonstrated the highest CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity at 48.4&#xa0;cm<sup>3</sup>/g (2.16&#xa0;mmol/g), indicating an optimal balance of microporosity and surface basicity. Overall, the findings establish EBI as an effective, environmentally friendly strategy for tailoring biochar properties, with strong potential for applications in dye removal and carbon capture.</p>

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Enhanced CO2 and dye adsorption of lignocellulose derived biochar via electron beam irradiation pretreatment and nitrogen functionalization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Tanagorn Sangtawesin,
  • Threeraphat Chutimasakul,
  • Jirawat Trakulmututa,
  • Bordin Weerasuk

摘要

Biochar derived from biomass holds promise for environmental remediation; however, its effectiveness is often constrained by limited surface area and inadequate surface functionalities. Addressing this gap, the present study targets the challenge of enhancing the structural and chemical properties of biochar through a green and scalable pretreatment method. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) was applied as a dry pretreatment to water hyacinth biomass at doses ranging from 0 to 400 kGy prior to pyrolysis. This approach enabled controlled disruption of cellulose and hemicellulose matrices, promoting improved carbonization and pore formation. The biochar produced at 400 kGy exhibited a surface area of 515 m2/g, representing a 3.3-fold increase over untreated samples. Additionally, EBI treatment increased the presence of functional groups such as C–O and pyridine-N-oxide. These modifications led to significantly enhanced adsorptive performance: nitrogen-doped biochar (NB400) achieved a methylene blue uptake of 424 mg/g, while NB100 demonstrated the highest CO2 adsorption capacity at 48.4 cm3/g (2.16 mmol/g), indicating an optimal balance of microporosity and surface basicity. Overall, the findings establish EBI as an effective, environmentally friendly strategy for tailoring biochar properties, with strong potential for applications in dye removal and carbon capture.