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<p>The treatment of radioactive graphite waste, especially due to <sup>14</sup>C emissions, poses significant challenges. This review summarizes incineration-based volume reduction technologies and evaluates carbon isotopic separation methods. Fluidized-bed incineration offers high efficiency but requires effective control of <sup>14</sup>C release. Among separation techniques, chemical exchange using CO<sub>2</sub> is identified as the most practical. A three-stage treatment strategy is proposed: incineration, off-gas purification, and <sup>14</sup>C separation. This integrated approach enables waste minimization, emission control, and potential <sup>14</sup>C reuse, offering a feasible and sustainable solution for managing radioactive graphite waste.</p>

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Research progress of radioactive graphite waste treatment technologies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月17日

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  • Chenxi Hou,
  • Jian Ding,
  • Wei Gong,
  • Lianshun Li,
  • Chunsheng Shi,
  • Gang Zhang,
  • Chengxing Zhang,
  • Tinggui Yang

摘要

The treatment of radioactive graphite waste, especially due to 14C emissions, poses significant challenges. This review summarizes incineration-based volume reduction technologies and evaluates carbon isotopic separation methods. Fluidized-bed incineration offers high efficiency but requires effective control of 14C release. Among separation techniques, chemical exchange using CO2 is identified as the most practical. A three-stage treatment strategy is proposed: incineration, off-gas purification, and 14C separation. This integrated approach enables waste minimization, emission control, and potential 14C reuse, offering a feasible and sustainable solution for managing radioactive graphite waste.