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<p>Radioactive cesium represents a substantial risk to both human health and environmental safety due to its persistent and hazardous nature. Simultaneously, large quantities of coal fly ash (CFA) are produced annually without sufficient resource utilization. In this study, a combination of microwave sintering technology and CFA was utilized to fabricate pollucite [CsAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>] ceramic designed to immobilize radioactive cesium. The CsAlSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> ceramic derive from CFA with &gt; 98% cesium retention was achieved via microwave sintering at 850&#xa0;°C for 30&#xa0;min, which was ~ 300&#xa0;°C lower and ~ 11% cesium retention rate higher that those of reported Cs-bearing hollandite. The influence of Cs<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> content and sintering temperature on the phase evolution of the sintered samples were systematically examined. The chemical durability of the sintered forms was further assessed. The results indicated that the Cs(I) elements were uniformly distributed within the sintered matrix. Furthermore, the maximum solid solubility of Cs<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> in the sintered forms was found to be 39 wt% at 850&#xa0;°C. Notably, the solidified samples exhibited exceptional chemical durability, with normalized leaching rate of Cs<sup>+</sup> ions (LR<sub><i>Cs</i></sub>) maintaining consistently low (~ 1.0 × 10<sup>–6</sup>&#xa0;g&#xa0;m<sup>−2</sup>&#xa0;d<sup>−1</sup>) after 42&#xa0;days. This study provides a valuable reference for the potential resource utilization of CFA in the stable solidification of radioactive cesium via microwave sintering, offering a promising strategy for future application.</p>

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Coal fly ash as raw materials for stable solidification of radioactive cesium via microwave sintering: mechanism and chemical durability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Yuzhen Mai,
  • Jie Chen,
  • Fuliang Jiang,
  • Junfeng Zhang,
  • Yupeng Xie

摘要

Radioactive cesium represents a substantial risk to both human health and environmental safety due to its persistent and hazardous nature. Simultaneously, large quantities of coal fly ash (CFA) are produced annually without sufficient resource utilization. In this study, a combination of microwave sintering technology and CFA was utilized to fabricate pollucite [CsAlSi2O6] ceramic designed to immobilize radioactive cesium. The CsAlSi2O6 ceramic derive from CFA with > 98% cesium retention was achieved via microwave sintering at 850 °C for 30 min, which was ~ 300 °C lower and ~ 11% cesium retention rate higher that those of reported Cs-bearing hollandite. The influence of Cs2CO3 content and sintering temperature on the phase evolution of the sintered samples were systematically examined. The chemical durability of the sintered forms was further assessed. The results indicated that the Cs(I) elements were uniformly distributed within the sintered matrix. Furthermore, the maximum solid solubility of Cs2CO3 in the sintered forms was found to be 39 wt% at 850 °C. Notably, the solidified samples exhibited exceptional chemical durability, with normalized leaching rate of Cs+ ions (LRCs) maintaining consistently low (~ 1.0 × 10–6 g m−2 d−1) after 42 days. This study provides a valuable reference for the potential resource utilization of CFA in the stable solidification of radioactive cesium via microwave sintering, offering a promising strategy for future application.